(a) Interpretation: For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified. Concept introduction: An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

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The reaction shown here, which is discussed in Chapter 10, consists of the two elementary steps shown. For each step (i and ii), (a) identify all electron-rich sites and all electron-poor sites, (b) draw in the appropriate curved arrows to show the bond formation and bond breaking that (i) H3C OOH H3C НО occur, and (c) name the elementary step. (ii) H3C H3C OH Н-о—н + НО НО

The reaction shown here, which converts an epoxide into a bromohydrin, is discussed in Chapter 10. It consists of the two elementary steps shown. For each step (i and ii), (a) identify all electron-rich sites and all electron-poor sites, (i) H H-Br BrO + H3C (b) draw in the appropriate curved arrows to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur, and (c) name the elementary step. (i) BrO Но H3C H3C Br

Clearly label the energy diagram below when answering each part. If there is more than one specific type of label, give an appropriate number afterwards (i.e. Int. 1, Int. 2, etc). State how many step(s) are in the overall reaction, if more than one, clearly label where they start and end Identify the rate determining step (rds) Label all transition state(s) (TS) Label all intermediate(s) (Int.) Label all activation energy(ies) (Ea) Label the heat of the reaction (ΔH) State whether the overall reaction is endothermic or exothermic. please explaing each step. Thank you.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 7.47P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, all electron-rich sites and electron-poor sites are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

An atom with partial or full negative charge is called an electron-rich site whereas an atom with partial or full positive charge is called an electron-poor site. An electron-rich atom has a lone pair of electrons whereas an electron-poor atom lacks an octet. In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Appropriate curved arrows are to be drawn to show the bond formation and bond breaking that occur in each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction.

Concept introduction:

In an elementary step, electrons tend to flow from an electron-rich site to an electron-poor site. In the first step of unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction, one curved arrow is drawn from the lone pair of an electron-rich atom to the H attached to the electron poor atom. In the second step, one curved arrow is drawn starting from the middle of the broken bond to the atom on which the lone pair ends up, to indicate the departure of the leaving group. In the third step, one curved arrow is drawn from the negatively charged (electron-rich) atom in the base to the hydrogen in the substrate, and a second curved arrow is then drawn from the C-H bond to the bonding region between the two C atoms by which the electron-poor C atom gains a share of electrons from the C-H bond.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Each step of the given unimolecular elimination (E1) reaction is to be named.

Concept introduction:

An elementary step in which a proton is transferred from an electron-poor site to an electron-rich site and one bond is broken and another is formed simultaneously is called the proton transfer step. An elementary step in which only single bond is broken is called the heterolysis step.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.1P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.2P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.3P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.4P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.5P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.6P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.7P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.8P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that electrons flow from an electron-rich site to a negative one in the unimolecular elimination process.

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