Answer all questions completely and in your own words: DRIS: Review the section The DRI Categories (page 9). What is an RDA (describe in your own words)? How is an RDA determined for a nutrient? How are the values for EAR and Al estimated? THE DRI CATEGORIES Most nutrients have a set of DRIS. Often, a nutrient has an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) from which the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is mathematically derived. When an EAR for a nutrient cannot be determined (thus precluding the setting of an RDA), then an Adequate Intake (AI) is often developed. Many nutrients also have a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). The values for the EAR and Al are defined by using specific criteria for nutrient adequacy and answer the question "adequate for what?". For example, values for vitamin C were set based on the amount of vitamin C that would nearly saturate leukocytes without leading to excessive urinary loss, rather than the level necessary to prevent scurvy. The UL is defined by using a specific indicator of excess, if one is available. Where data were available, the chosen criteria have been identified in each nutrient chapter. In some cases, various intake levels can produce a range of benefits. For example, one criterion, or indicator, of adequacy may be the most appropriate one to use when determining an individuals risk of becoming deficient in the nutrient, while another criterion of adequacy may be more applicable to reduc- ing ones risk of chronic discases or conditions, such as certain neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular discase, cancer, diabetes mellitus, or age-related macu- lar degeneration. It is also important to note that each reference value refers to average daily nutrient intake. Some deviation around this average value is expected over a number of days. In fact, it is the average mean intake over this time frame that
Answer all questions completely and in your own words: DRIS: Review the section The DRI Categories (page 9). What is an RDA (describe in your own words)? How is an RDA determined for a nutrient? How are the values for EAR and Al estimated? THE DRI CATEGORIES Most nutrients have a set of DRIS. Often, a nutrient has an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) from which the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is mathematically derived. When an EAR for a nutrient cannot be determined (thus precluding the setting of an RDA), then an Adequate Intake (AI) is often developed. Many nutrients also have a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). The values for the EAR and Al are defined by using specific criteria for nutrient adequacy and answer the question "adequate for what?". For example, values for vitamin C were set based on the amount of vitamin C that would nearly saturate leukocytes without leading to excessive urinary loss, rather than the level necessary to prevent scurvy. The UL is defined by using a specific indicator of excess, if one is available. Where data were available, the chosen criteria have been identified in each nutrient chapter. In some cases, various intake levels can produce a range of benefits. For example, one criterion, or indicator, of adequacy may be the most appropriate one to use when determining an individuals risk of becoming deficient in the nutrient, while another criterion of adequacy may be more applicable to reduc- ing ones risk of chronic discases or conditions, such as certain neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular discase, cancer, diabetes mellitus, or age-related macu- lar degeneration. It is also important to note that each reference value refers to average daily nutrient intake. Some deviation around this average value is expected over a number of days. In fact, it is the average mean intake over this time frame that
Chapter16: Specialized Nutrition Support: Enteral And Parenteral Nutrition
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Transcribed Image Text:Answer all questions completely and in your own
words:
DRIS: Review the section The DRI Categories
(page 9). What is an RDA (describe in your own
words)? How is an RDA determined for a
nutrient? How are the values for EAR and Al
estimated?
THE DRI CATEGORIES
Most nutrients have a set of DRIS. Often, a nutrient has an Estimated Average
Requirement (EAR) from which the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is
mathematically derived. When an EAR for a nutrient cannot be determined
(thus precluding the setting of an RDA), then an Adequate Intake (AI) is often
developed. Many nutrients also have a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL).
The values for the EAR and Al are defined by using specific criteria for
nutrient adequacy and answer the question "adequate for what?". For example,
values for vitamin C were set based on the amount of vitamin C that would
nearly saturate leukocytes without leading to excessive urinary loss, rather than
the level necessary to prevent scurvy The UL is defined by using a specific
indicator of excess, if one is available. Where data were available, the chosen
criteria have been
In some cases, various intake levels can produce a range of benefits. For
example, one criterion, or indicator, of adequacy may be the most appropriate
one to use when determining an individuals risk of becoming deficient in the
nutrient, while another criterion of adequacy may be more applicable to reduc-
ing ones risk of chronic diseases or conditions, such as certain neurodegenerative
diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, or age-related macu-
lar degeneration.
It is also important to note that each reference value refers to average daily
nutrient intake. Some deviation around this average value is expected over a
number of days. In fact, it is the average mean intake over this time frame that
in each nutrient chapter.
Copyright O National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11537 html
10
DRIS: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS
serves as the nutritionally important reference value. In most cases, the amounts
derived from day-to-day intake may vary substantially without ill elfect.
Expert Solution
Step 1
Dietary Reference Intake or DRI consists of 4 categories which are as follows
- Estimated Average Requirements (EAR),
- Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA),
- Adequate Intakes (AI), and
- Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL).
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