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Sanity And Insanity In Hamlet

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Insanity is defined as a disordered state of the mind. Written in the Elizabethan era, the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare takes place in Denmark and focuses on the prince of Denmark, Hamlet. Hamlet portrays himself as insane, thereby disguising his sanity, in order to seek revenge which results in his downfall. This is illustrated when Hamlet uses double/speak to confuse the other characters, as well as when Shakespeare provided a contrast between sanity and insanity with Hamlet and Ophelia, and lastly the concept of thought versus action. Firstly, Hamlet's sanity is disguised throughout the play as Hamlet used double/speak to confuse and trick other characters into believing that he is insane. One example of this is when Hamlet made Horatio and Marcellus swear secrecy about the ghost. This occurred after Hamlet had spoken with the ghost and before he goes to speak with Ophelia. “As I perchance hereafter shall think meet/To put an antic disposition on” (I.iv.172-173) Hamlet says, as he is warning both Horatio and Marcellus that if he acts odd or strange to not say anything. He is using language to tell them that he will be acting strangely and not worry. Hamlet has just spoken with the ghost was frightened and filled with anger. He was warning Horatio because he is planning on seeking revenge on Claudius for Old King Hamlet’s murder and was planning on fulfilling his desire for revenge in a wicked way. Hamlet also demonstrates his sanity while talking to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern as they were attempting to interrogate Hamlet about his strange behaviour saying, “I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from handsaw” (II.ii.376-377). The imagery throughout this quote shows the hunting of birds. A hawk is a bird as well as a handsaw which is a pun on “hernshaw” or a heron which is a type of bird. One is a bird of prey while the other is not making one more dangerous and more valuable than the other. Hamlet is saying this as a warning to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern that he is not easily deceived and can see through lies. This quote is also showing that at some points he will act insane and at others completely sane. Hamlet’s figurative language throughout the

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