Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 9, Problem 38Q
To determine
A plot depicting the atmospheric pressure at different altitudes on Earth and the the height at which the pressure is 0.001 atm. It is given that at the sea level the atmospheric pressure is 1 atm and with an increase in altitude by every
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The rate of change of atmospheric pressure P with respect to altitude h is
proportional to P, provided that temperature is constant. At 15°C the pressure is
101.3 kPa at sea level and 87.14 kPa at h = 1000 m. Answer the following
questions.
a) What is the atmospheric pressure at an altitude of 4000 m? Round to three decimal
places.
b) What is the atmospheric pressure at the top of Mount Greylock in Massachusetts, at
an altitude of 1063 m? Round to three decimal places.
CHECK ANSWER
kPa
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kPa
The volume of an air bubble increases by a factor of 3.19 times as it rises from the bottom of a lake (density = 1000 kg/m 3). This is due to the drop of the absolute pressure by a factor of 1/3.19. Ignoring any temperature changes, What is the depth of the lake? Take g = 9.8 m/s2. One atmospheric pressure = 1.013 x 105 N/m2. Please round your answer to one decimal place.
Equation: ??ℎ+??=ρgh+Pa= 3.19 ??
The density of the atmosphere varies drastically with height, but you can use an average
density from sea floor to the space in order to calculate its height. If we approximate this
average density to be = 1 Kg/m³, what would be height of the atmosphere?
HINT: Since the atmosphere is a fluid (in gas form), you can use the hydrostatic pressure
formula (P
pgh), just solve for h and use P = 1 atm.
BTW, this is how the edge of space is defined, if you make it pass the height of the
atmosphere you have reached space :)
Chapter 9 Solutions
Universe
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- How many cubic meters of helium are required to lift a balloon with a 400-kg payload to a height of 8 000 m? Take He = 0.179 kg/m3. Assume the balloon maintains a constant volume and the density of air decreases with the altitude z according to the expression air = 0ez/8, where z is in meters and 0 = 1.20 kg/m3 is the density of air at sea level.arrow_forwardMake a plot of pressure vs altitude for a hydrostatic, isothermal atmosphere on Earth, assuming a surface pressure of 1 atm.arrow_forwardA submarine dives down to a depth 80 metres beneath the surface of the ocean. Calculate the pressure in atmospheres at that depth, assuming the density of water is 1029 kg/m3, and the air pressure at the surface is 105.2 kPa. Give your answer with two digits of precision. Note: 1 standard atmosphere is 101325 Pa. Your Answer: Answerarrow_forward
- The atmospheric pressure at the sea level is 500,000 N /m ^2 please estimate the total mass (in the unit Kg) of the earths atmospheric above the sea level of an area of 1m^2? Write answer as a whole numberarrow_forwardAir pressure decreases at a rate of 1.25 Pa (pascals) per kilometer in the eastward direction. In addition, the air pressure is decreasing at a constant rate with respect to time everywhere. A ship sailing eastward at 10 km/hour past an island takes barometer readings and records a pressure drop of 40 Pa in 2 hours. Estimate the time rate of change of air pressure on the island. (pascal is a unit of air pressure 1Pa=1N/m2=1kg/m∗s2)arrow_forwardAtmospheric pressure follows the following differential equation: dP/dh = −kP Where k is a constant that depends on other physical constants such as temperature, the acceleration of gravity, the molecular weight of air, etc. Suppose that the atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1013mb (millibars) and the atmospheric pressure in Mexico City, which is 2240m above sea level, is 764mb. Estimate the atmospheric pressure in the lagoons of Montebello, Chiapas, which are 1500m above sea level. Note: Don't skip steps to get to the resultarrow_forward
- Air pressure decreases at a rate of 2.25 Pa(pascals) per kilometer in the eastward direction. In addition, the air pressure is decreasing at a constant rate with respect to time everywhere. A ship sailing eastward at 6 km/hour past an island takes barometer readings and records a pressure drop of 70 Pain 2 hours. Estimate the time rate of change of air pressure on the island. (Pascal is a unit of air pressure 1Pa=1N/m2=1kg/m∗s2^2) Time rate of change of air pressure =---- Pa/hrarrow_forwardThe density of air is 1.3 kg/m at sea level. From your knowledge of air pressure at ground level, estimate the height of the atmosphere. As a simplifying assumption, take the atmosphere to be of uniform density up to some height, after which the density rapidly falls to zero. (In reality, the density of the atmosphere decreases as we go up.) t O 1 km O 10 km O 100 km O 1000 km Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardB)Calculate the atmospheric pressure at 3500m in units (Pa)?arrow_forward
- The pressure on Earth's atmosphere as a function of height y above sea level can be determined by assuming g to be constant and that the density of air is proportional to the pressure, i.e., px P. Note that this assumption is not very accurate since temperature and other weather effects can influence pressure. [Hint: Po = 1.013 × 105 N/m², po = 1.29 kg x m-³] (1) Start by finding a relation between the pressure Po and the density of air po at 0° at sea level (y=0) and the pressure P and density p at height y. Using this relation find an expression for p as a function of P, i.e., p = p(P). (2) Find the pressure as a function y. (3) At what altitude above sea level is the atmospheric pressure equal to half the pressure at sea level?arrow_forwardAir pressure decreases at a rate of 2.25 Pa (pascals) per kilometer in the eastward direction. In addition, the air pressure is decreasing at a constant rate with respect to time everywhere. A ship sailing eastward at 14 km/hour past an island takes barometer readings and records a pressure drop of 70 Pa in 2 hours. Estimate the time rate of change of air pressure on the island. (pascal is a unit of air pressure 1Pa=1N/m^2=1kg/m∗s^2) Time rate of change of air pressure =__________________________________ Pa/hrarrow_forwardAt what altitude in the Earth's atmosphere is the pressure equal to ½2 of the pressure at sea levelarrow_forward
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