Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134293936
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 104E
In the very first chapter of this book, we described the scientific approach and put a special emphasis on scientific models or theories. In this chapter we looked carefully at the Lewis model of
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Why is this theory successful? Can you name some of the limitations of the theory?
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to determine the shape of the
molecule or ion
to determine the formulas of ionic
compounds
Lewis theory allows us
to account for the paramagnetism of
some species (e.g. oxygen)
to determine how the bonds in the
molecules and ions form
to predict what molecules or ions will
be stable, which will be more
reactive, and which will not exist
to account for the low melting points
and boiling points of molecular
compounds compared to ionic
compounds
Lewis theory does not allow us
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Consider the following ion: BrO3¯.
a) Show the full electron configuration for Br.
b) Draw the most correct Lewis structure for BrO3¯ and briefly explain why your Lewis
structure is correct.
c) If the structure is stabilised by resonance, draw at least one of the possible resonance
forms. If it is not stabilised by resonance, briefly explain why.
d) What is the electronic geometry of BrO3-? What is its molecular shape?
e) Does BrO3 have a dipole moment? Briefly justify your answer.
f)
On average, would you expect IO3¯ to have longer or shorter bonds than BrO3¯?
Briefly explain your answer.
g) Which of the following molecules would you expect to have the lowest vapour
pressure? Briefly explain your choice.
Br
HO
HO.
Br-
Compound A
Compound B
Compound C
h) What is the molecular formula for Compound C? What is the empirical formula for
Compound C?
In the very first chapter of this book, we described the scientific approach and put a special emphasis on scientific models or theories. In this chapter, we looked carefully at the Lewis model of chemical bonding. Why is this theory successful? What are some of the limitations of the theory?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Ch. 5 - What is electronegativity? What are the periodic...Ch. 5 - Explain the difference between a pure covalent...Ch. 5 - What is meant by the percent ionic character of a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4ECh. 5 - What is the magnitude of the dipole moment formed...Ch. 5 - What is the basic procedure for writing a covalent...Ch. 5 - How do you determine the number of electrons that...Ch. 5 - What are resonance structures? What is a resonance...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9ECh. 5 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 5 - Prob. 11ECh. 5 - Prob. 12ECh. 5 - What is bond energy?Ch. 5 - Give some examples of some typical bond lengths....Ch. 5 - Why is molecular geometry important? Cite some...Ch. 5 - According to VSEPR theory, what determines the...Ch. 5 - Name and draw the five basic electron geometries,...Ch. 5 - Explain the difference between electron geometry...Ch. 5 - List the correct electron and molecular geometries...Ch. 5 - How do you apply VSEPR theory to predict the shape...Ch. 5 - How do you determine if a molecule is polar?Ch. 5 - Why is polarity a key connection between the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 23ECh. 5 - Determine if a bond between each pair of atoms...Ch. 5 - Prob. 25ECh. 5 - Draw the Lewis structure for BrF with an arrow...Ch. 5 - Prob. 27ECh. 5 - Write the Lewis structure for each molecule. NF3...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29ECh. 5 - Write the Lewis structure for each molecule. CH2O...Ch. 5 - Prob. 31ECh. 5 - Prob. 32ECh. 5 - Write the Lewis structure for each molecule or ion...Ch. 5 - Prob. 34ECh. 5 - Write a Lewis structure that obeys the octet rule...Ch. 5 - Prob. 36ECh. 5 - Use formal charge to determine which Lewis...Ch. 5 - Prob. 38ECh. 5 - How important is this resonance structure to the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 40ECh. 5 - Prob. 41ECh. 5 - Prob. 42ECh. 5 - Determine the formal charges of the atoms shown in...Ch. 5 - Prob. 44ECh. 5 - Prob. 45ECh. 5 - Write the Lewis structure for each molecule (octet...Ch. 5 - Prob. 47ECh. 5 - Write Lewis structures for each molecule or ion....Ch. 5 - Prob. 49ECh. 5 - Write Lewis structures for each molecule or ion....Ch. 5 - List these compounds in order of increasing...Ch. 5 - Which of these compounds has the stronger...Ch. 5 - A molecule with the formula AB3 has a trigonal...Ch. 5 - A molecule with the formula AB3 has a trigonal...Ch. 5 - For each molecular geometry shown here, list the...Ch. 5 - For each molecular geometry shown here, list the...Ch. 5 - Determine the electron geometry, molecular...Ch. 5 - Determine the electron geometry, molecular...Ch. 5 - Which species has the smaller bond angle, H3O+ or...Ch. 5 - Which species has the smaller bond angle; C1O4- or...Ch. 5 - Determine the molecular geometry and draw each...Ch. 5 - Determine the molecular geometry and draw each...Ch. 5 - Determine the molecular geometry about each...Ch. 5 - Prob. 64ECh. 5 - Prob. 65ECh. 5 - Prob. 66ECh. 5 - Prob. 67ECh. 5 - Determine the geometry about each interior atom in...Ch. 5 - Explain why CO2 and CCl4 are both nonpolar even...Ch. 5 - CH3F is a polar molecule, even though the...Ch. 5 - Determine whether each molecule in Exercise 57 is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 72ECh. 5 - Determine whether each molecule or ion is polar or...Ch. 5 - Determine whether each molecule is polar or...Ch. 5 - Each compound contains both ionic and covalent...Ch. 5 - Prob. 76ECh. 5 - Carbon ring structures are common in organic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 78ECh. 5 - Prob. 79ECh. 5 - Diazomethane is a highly poisonous, explosive...Ch. 5 - Prob. 81ECh. 5 - Phosgene (Cl2CO) is a poisonous gas that was used...Ch. 5 - The cyanate ion (OCN-) and the fulminate ion...Ch. 5 - Prob. 84ECh. 5 - Prob. 85ECh. 5 - Prob. 86ECh. 5 - Prob. 87ECh. 5 - Prob. 88ECh. 5 - Prob. 89ECh. 5 - Free radicals are important in many...Ch. 5 - A compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen is...Ch. 5 - A compound composed of only carbon and chlorine is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 93ECh. 5 - The genetic code is based on four different bases...Ch. 5 - Prob. 95ECh. 5 - Prob. 96ECh. 5 - Prob. 97ECh. 5 - A 0.167-g sample of an unknown compound contains...Ch. 5 - Use the dipole moments of HF and HCI (given at the...Ch. 5 - One form of phosphorus exists as P4 molecules....Ch. 5 - A compound has the formula C8H8 and does not...Ch. 5 - Draw the Lewis structure for acetamide (CH3CONH2),...Ch. 5 - Prob. 103ECh. 5 - In the very first chapter of this book, we...Ch. 5 - Which statement best captures the fundamental idea...Ch. 5 - Prob. 106ECh. 5 - Have each member of your group represent an atom...Ch. 5 - Prob. 108ECh. 5 - Prob. 109ECh. 5 - Prob. 110ECh. 5 - Pass a piece of paper around the group and ask...Ch. 5 - Prob. 112ECh. 5 - At least two different numbers of electron groups...Ch. 5 - Prob. 114ECh. 5 - The VSEPR model is useful in predicting bond...Ch. 5 - Which set of elements is arranged in order of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 5 - Which pair of atoms forms the most polar bond? C...Ch. 5 - Which pair of atoms forms a nonpolar covalent...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 10SAQCh. 5 - Prob. 11SAQCh. 5 - Predict the relative bond angles in BF3 and SO2Ch. 5 - Predict the molecular geometry about N in the...Ch. 5 - Which molecule is polar?
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- Part A - Describing o and Bonds in a Molecule We have just arrived at a bonding description for the formaldehyde molecule. Which of the following statements about the molecule is or are true? I. Two of the electrons in the molecule are used to make the T bond in the molecule, II. Six of the electrons in the molecule are used to make the o bonds in the molecule III. The C-O bond length in formaldehyde should be shorter than that in methanol, H3COH. O Only one of the statements is true O Statements I and II are true O Statements I and III are true O Statements II and III are true O All three statements are true Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback amazon B. Word P Type here to search FULL HD - 1080- acerarrow_forwardWhy are bonding theories important? Provide some examples of what bonding theories can predict.arrow_forwardWhich statement best captures the fundamental idea behind VSEPR theory? Explain what is wrong with the statements you do not choose. a. The angle between two or more bonds is determined primarily by the repulsions between the electrons within those bonds and other (lone pair) electrons on the central atom of a molecule. Each of these electron groups (bonding electrons or lone pair electrons) lowers its potential energy by maximizing its separation from other electron groups, thus determining the geometry of the molecule. b. The angle between two or more bonds is determined primarily by the repulsions between the electrons within those bonds. Each of these bonding electrons lowers its potential energy by maximizing its separation from other electron groups, thus determining the geometry of the molecule. c. The geometry of a molecule is determined by the shapes of the overlapping orbitals that form the chemical bonds. Therefore, to determine the geometry of a molecule, you must determine…arrow_forward
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