Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 2FTB
Summary Introduction
To review:
The given blank space in the statement, “maintains the helical structure of many proteins: ______; links polypeptide chains and can cause protein to bend: _____ and _____; joins the two strands of double helix: ______; links amino acids to form the primary structure of protein; _____.
Introduction:
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Fill in the following with the specific bond(s): Maintain(s)the helical structure of many proteins____________: ;link(s) polypeptide chains and can cause proteins tobend:_______ and________ ; join(s) the twostrands of the double helix of DNA:_________ ; link(s) amino acids to form the primary structure of proteins:_______.
The protein myoglobin, consisting of a single polypeptide with 154 amino acids (in human skeletal
muscle cells), contains how many peptide bonds?
152 peptide bonds
153 peptide bonds
154 peptide bonds
155 peptide bonds
156 peptide bonds
A mutation leads to a change in amino acid from valine, an amino acid with a nonpolar side chain, to aspartic acid, an amino acid with a polar, negatively-charged side chain. Do you think that the following levels of protein structure change? If so, how and why? If not, why not? Please frame your answer in terms of chemical bonds and interactions. (primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, quartenary structure)
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 3 - 1. Polar molecules
a. dissolve in lipids.
b. are...Ch. 3 - Which match is correct? a. monosaccharide-sucrose...Ch. 3 - 3. Which of the following statements is...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not composed of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 3 - 1. In organic molecules made of chains of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2FTBCh. 3 - Proteins are synthesized by a reaction called...Ch. 3 - 4. A nucleotide consists of three parts: ______...Ch. 3 - 5. Fill in the following with the appropriate type...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - List the four principal classes of biological...Ch. 3 - What roles do nucleotides play in living...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Describe the synthesis of a protein from amino...Ch. 3 - Where in nature do we find cellulose? Where do we...Ch. 3 - Based on their structure, sketch and explain how...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2ACCh. 3 - In an alternate universe where people could digest...
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- Protein structure is directly related to function. Which of the following statements is true regarding this concept ? Polypeptide backbone -CH2 – CH, – CH2- CH2- NH3 0-c- CH - CH2 lonic bond Hydrogen ! bond C- NH2 Disulfide linkage CH CH2 HạC CH3 CH3 H3C CH -CH2 Hydrophobic interactions A. The primary structure consists of the DNA sequence. The secondary and tertiary structures are dependent on interactions between the DNA and RNA polymerase. Mutations resulting in changes one or more bases has the potential to destroy the structure, and therefore the function, of the protein. B. The primary structure consists of the amino acid sequence. The secondary and tertiary structures are dependent on interactions between the amino acid side chains. Mutations resulting in changes one or more amino acids has the potential to destroy the structure, and therefore the function, of the protein. C. The primary structure consists of the DNA sequence. The secondary structure consists of the amino acid…arrow_forwardWhich of the following linkages/bonds is NOT found in the primary structure of DNA and RNA molecules? A phospho anhydride bond B phosphoester bond (c) N-C glycosidic bond phosphodiester bondarrow_forwardSelect the true statements about protein secondary structure. In an a-helix, the side chains are located on the outside of the helix. The secondary level of protein structure refers to the spatial arrangements of short segments of the protein. In a B-pleated sheet, the side chains are located between adjacent segments. Peptide bonds stabilize secondary structure. The x-helix is held together by hydrogen bonds between the amide N-H and C=O groups. Incorrectarrow_forward
- One of your patients, a six-year-old girl who suffers from Sickle cell anemia, an inherited blood disorder in which red blood cells are abnormally shaped and fragile, leading to a short supply of red blood cells. These abnormal cells can also get stuck in small vessels, which prevent blood flow, leading to fatigue, pain and other severe complications. What molecules make up each single peptide? Deoxynucleotides (dNTPs) Nucleotides (NTPs) Amino acids DNA RNAarrow_forwardThe protein hemoglobin, consisting of four polypeptides (two a-globin chains, with 141 amino acids each, and two b-globin chains, with 146 amino acids each), contains how many peptide bonds? 570 peptide bonds 571 peptide bonds 572 peptide bonds 573 peptide bonds 574 peptide bondsarrow_forwardwhich of the following is correct about the structure of proteins? a- the number of peptide bonds is equivalent to the number of amino acid residues b- the secondary structure of proteins are mostly stabilized by hydrophobic interactions c- protiens mostly composed of polar amino acids will have an elongated (fibrous) tertiary structure d- the quaternary structure of a protein is formed between or among similar polypeptides onlyarrow_forward
- In your own words discuss the different structures (primary, secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary structures) of protein. What are the five factors that promote protein folding and stability. (Hint: One factor is the Hydrogen bond). Extra Hint: Another factor is the Hydrophobic effect. Do not just copy and paste from other sources/websites/books/articles/etc.arrow_forwardIn the following diagram of a portion of a protein, label the types of interactions that are shown. What level of protein structure are these interactions producing? ____________________arrow_forwardThe dihedral or torsion angles of polypeptide backbone, the allowed values of which are summarized by the Ramachandran diagram, refer to rotation of the following pair of bonds. Cα-N and Cα-R C=O and Cα-N C-N and Cα-C Cα-C and Cα-N Cα-R and Cα-Carrow_forward
- You put albumin, the protein responsible for lipid transport through the blood, in methane, a hydrophobic solution. Would you expect albumin to still be functional? Yes the protein would still be functional because its primary structure remains intact Yes the protein would still be functional because it is used to carry lipids No the protein would not be functional because the peptide bonds would be dehydrated No the protein would not be functional because covalent bonds weaken and disrupt secondary structure No the protein would not be functional because the tertiary structure would change to maximize hydrophobic interactionsarrow_forwardDraw a polypeptide chain with the following sequence of amino acids: M-A-N-A-N-D-G-E-N-Earrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about alpha-helix and beta-sheet structure are true? More than one answer is correct. -they are aspects of protein secondary structure. -they are maintained by hydrogen-bonding interactions within the polypeptide backbone. -most proteins fall into one of two categories: those composed entirely of alpha-helix, and those composed entirely of beta-sheet. -in both alpha-helix and beta-sheet, each amino acid (at position n) interacts with another amino acid at position n+4. -alpha-helix contains only hydrophobic amino acids, while beta-sheet contains only hydrophilic amino acids. More than one answer is correct I am confusedarrow_forward
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