Given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product. This difference in reactivity is to be explained. Concept introduction: Under basic conditions the monohalogenated ketone further reacts to give dihalogenated products since the halo substituted ketone is much more reactive than the ketone. To explain: The difference in reactivity based on the observation given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 22.SE, Problem 25MP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product. This difference in reactivity is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Under basic conditions the monohalogenated ketone further reacts to give dihalogenated products since the halo substituted ketone is much more reactive than the ketone.

To explain:

The difference in reactivity based on the observation given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product.

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The Stork reaction is a condensation reaction between an enamine donor and an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl acceptor. The overall reaction consists of a three-step sequence of formation of an enamine from a ketone, Michael addition to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound, and hydrolysis of the enamine in dilute acid to regenerate the ketone. Consider the Stork reaction between acetophenone and 3-buten-2-one. Draw the structure of the product of the enamine formed between acetophenone and pyrrolidine. Draw the structure of the Michael addition product. Draw the structure of the final product.

The following questions concern ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate.(a) Write a chemical equation showing how you could prepare ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)-carboxylate by a Dieckmann cyclization.(b) Write a chemical equation showing how you could prepare ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)-carboxylate by acylation of a ketone.(c) Write structural formulas for the two most stable enol forms of ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate.(d) Write the three most stable resonance contributors to the most stable enolate derived from ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate.(e) Show how you could use ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate to prepare 2-methylcyclohexanone.(f) Give the structure of the product formed on treatment of ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)-carboxylate with acrolein (H2C=CHCH=O) in ethanol in the presence of sodium ethoxide

Which of the following statements is correct? A) The haloform reaction proceeds under very difficult conditions and the yield is very low. B) The haloform reaction is used only for the identification of compounds containing secondary alcohol groups. C) Methyl ketones or alcohols are oxidized with halogens in acidic solutions to give carboxylic acids and the appropriate haloform product. D) Enolate anions react rapidly with halogens to give alpha-halocarbonyl compounds.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 22.SE, Problem 25MP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product. This difference in reactivity is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Under basic conditions the monohalogenated ketone further reacts to give dihalogenated products since the halo substituted ketone is much more reactive than the ketone.

To explain:

The difference in reactivity based on the observation given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 22.SE, Problem 25MP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product. This difference in reactivity is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Under basic conditions the monohalogenated ketone further reacts to give dihalogenated products since the halo substituted ketone is much more reactive than the ketone.

To explain:

The difference in reactivity based on the observation given that when a ketone is treated with an acid and a halogen, the Î±-monohalogenated product can be obtained in high yield. However under basic conditions it is extremely difficult to isolate the monohalogenated product.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 22.SE, Problem 25MP

Interpretation Introduction