Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 5TYU
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: Molecular systematics helps the biologist to interpret the fossil record to assume the evolutionary history of animals. The scanty availability of fossils is always an obstacle for the biologist to detect the rate of divergence, age, and the number of branches of the animal groups.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The oxygen revolution changed Earth’s environmentdramatically. Which of the following took advantage of thepresence of free oxygen in the oceans and atmosphere?(A) the evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen tohelp harvest energy from organic molecules(B) the persistence of some animal groups in anaerobichabitats(C) the evolution of photosynthetic pigments that protectedearly algae from the corrosive effects of oxygen(D) the evolution of chloroplasts after early protists incorporated photosynthetic cyanobacteria
Direct evidence of life on early Earth comes from fossils of microorganisms that lived 3.5 billion years ago. But how did the first living cells appear?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
29
27
28
30
330
29
29
30
Based on the given figure, answer the
following questions
(Note: BYA=Billion Years ago; MYA= Million
years ago)
The oldest eukaryote might be dated back to?
Each day represents how many years?
When did the first prokaryotic fossil exist?
When did photosynthesis first emerged?
The multicellular organisms appeared?
~1.5 BYA ~2.5 BYA ~10 BYA
~3.5 BYA
~150 MY
~50 MY
~1 MY
~4.5 MYA ~ 10 MYA
~1 BYA
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - Describe the conditions that scientists think...Ch. 21.1 - Compare the prebiotic soup hypothesis with the...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 21.1 - How does the ironsulfur world hypothesis differ...Ch. 21.2 - Outline the major steps hypothesized to have...Ch. 21.2 - Explain how the evolution of photosynthetic...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 21.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 21.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 21.2 - VISUALIZE Draw a simple sketch illustrating the...
Ch. 21.3 - Briefly describe the distinguishing organisms and...Ch. 21.3 - What is the correct order of appearance in the...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 21.3 - What is the correct order of appearance in the...Ch. 21 - Energy, the absence of molecular oxygen, chemical...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 21 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 21 - According to the hypothesis of serial...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 21 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 21 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 21 - The time of greatest evolutionary diversification...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 21 - The Age of Reptiles corresponds to the (a)...Ch. 21 - Evidence exists that a catastrophic collision...Ch. 21 - Flowering plants and mammals diversified and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 21 - EVOLUTION LINK If you were studying how...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION LINK If living cells were produced in a...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION LINK Why did the evolution of...Ch. 21 - INTERPRET DATA Evidence for the oldest...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- explaination this in 150 words each question A. What is the PROTEROZOIC LIFE? B. Discuss the Great Oxygenation Event. C. Discuss the CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION OF LIFE.arrow_forwardPlace these events in the history of life on Earth in the order that they occurred. a. accumulation of O2 in Earth’s atmosphere b. colonization of land by plants and fungi c. diversification of animals (Cambrian explosion) d. origin of eukaryotes e. origin of humans f. origin of multicellular organisms g. origin of prokaryotesarrow_forwardWe live in the Cenozoic era, and scientists know more about this era and the epochs it’s divided into than any other time period. Why is this? A. We know more about the Cenozoic era because this is the only era that has had a wide diversity of species living on Earth. B. We know more about the Cenozoic era because this is the most recent time period in the history of the Earth, and we have more information available to study. C. We know more about the Cenozoic era because the planet’s poles reversed magnetic fields at the beginning of this era. D. We know more about the Cenozoic era because fossils don’t exist to document previous eras.arrow_forward
- The evolutionary trend toward multicellularity is best demonstrated by comparing various members of the _________.arrow_forwardThe term Anthropocene implies that we were the major force of nature prior to 10,000 years ago. our global impact has accelerated greatly during the past couple of centuries. humans have impacted the earth at a planetary scale so severe that we can consider this a new geological epoch. millions of years from now the record of human life will be eradicated. there are more humans than bacteria.arrow_forwardChronologically arrange the evolutionary events with 1 being the earliest and 6 the most recent. ____ 1 a. Onset of oxygen-releasing pathway of photosynthesis ____ 2 b.Liquid water appears ____ 3 c.Origin of protocells ____ 4 d. Emmergence of the first eukaryotes ____ 5 e. Origin of chloroplasts ____ 6 f. The big bangarrow_forward
- Here is the question: What was the likely source of the raw material incorporated into the first life forms? I believe it is carbon, but I don't know why it is carbon. What I mean is, why is carbon considered the thing that makes something alive? Why are eukaryotes and prokaryotes simply considered alive just because they have carbon. Would that mean that carbon is alive because carbon has carbon? I would appreciate an anwser because I'm really trying to understand everything I run across. I love educating myself and I'm on a quest for knowledge. Thanks guys!arrow_forwardThe eon comprising the Cambrian period up to the present is called the (1). It is divided into three eras: Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. The Paleozoic era, first (2) appeared. Finally, the Cenozoic era is where (3), flourished, lasting up to this day.arrow_forward1) According to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of chloroplasts, photosynthetic prokaryotic cells________? 2) The tremendous increase in the diversity of animals beginning about 542 million years ago is called the______? 3) Two completely unrelated species that are found in the same environment are observed to have the same adaptation. This observation describes_________?arrow_forward
- Name of the group of microorganisms that completely changed the evolution of life on Earth. - Why can we say that this group contributed to the delimitation of the limits of life? What is their ecological role? - How did these organisms contribute to the evolution of eukaryotic cells and metabolisms? - How did these organisms contribute to the establishment of life in extraterrestrial (out-of-water) environments?arrow_forwardA scientist discovered a new group of unicellular organisms that lack mitochondria but possess an organelle related to the endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in energy production. The scientist hypothesizes that this organelle might be a missing link in the evolution of mitochondria. A) Do you agree with this hypothesis? Explain. B) Based on the available evidence, what is the most likely hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria? Provide four pieces of evidence to support this theory and justify why they are valid.arrow_forwardIn Oct 2022, a chilling discovery was made in Vuvatu, a country known for its extensive volcanic landscapes. Scientists found the remains of a large organism that had no resemblance to any current form of life on Earth. The organism also had no resemblance to any fossils ever found, including the very few fossils ever recovered from Vuvatu (fossils are rarely ever found in Vuvatu since volcanic landscapes are generally not conducive of fossilization). The world buzzed with the possibility that this was a crash site for an extraterrestrial body. An extensive study of the uncovered remains was conducted by many research facilities. Their conclusions regarding the organism’s features are listed below: Physical features: The organism has a surprisingly soft and malleable exoskeleton that reflects ambient light, creating mesmerizing patterns. In fact, the remains highly suggest that most of its body parts are soft and blubbery rather than rigid. Habitat: Given its relationship with…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License