Why must chromatin be remodeled at a eukaryotic promoter? Histone proteins must be added to the promoter so they can recruit RNA polymerase II Histone proteins are blocking promoter sequences recognized by general transcription factors (GTFs) Space needs to be made for the ribosome to bind to a nascent (i.e. newly transcribed) mRNA Because enhancer regions need to be exposed for general transcription factor binding To allow the spliceosome to remove exons from the mRNA during transcription

Why must chromatin be remodeled at a eukaryotic promoter? Histone proteins must be added to the promoter so they can recruit RNA polymerase II Histone proteins are blocking promoter sequences recognized by general transcription factors (GTFs) Space needs to be made for the ribosome to bind to a nascent (i.e. newly transcribed) mRNA Because enhancer regions need to be exposed for general transcription factor binding To allow the spliceosome to remove exons from the mRNA during transcription

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Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter14: Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8TYU: Through alternative splicing, eukaryotes (a) reinforce gene inactivation (b) prevent transcription...

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Transcriptional regulators are proteins that bind to promoters (the 5-flanking regions of genes) to regulate their transcription. Assume that a particular transcription regulator normally promotes transcription of gene X, a transport protein. If a mutation makes this regulator gene nonfunctional, would the resulting phenotype be similar to a mutation in gene X itself? Why or why not?
Modifications of histone tails can: O repress the transcription of some genes affect chromatin structure affect the transcription of some genes in response to the diet or environment activate the transcription of some genes all of these choices are correct The ferritin gene encodes an IRE (Iron-response element) within the 5 UTR (untranslated region) of the MRNA Considering what you know about eukaryotic translation, the IRE-BP (Iron Response Element Binding Protein) is bound to the IRE in the 5'UTR. you would expect: O That the presence of the IRE-BP would enhance translation. That the presence of the IRE-BP would have no effect. That the presence of the IRE-BP would block translation I don't remember enough about the IRE-BP or transiation to guess. 3 Assuming that the trait represented by the filled symbols in the pedigree is an inherited trait due to a single gene with alleles A and a, what mode of inheritance does the pedigree shown suggest?
Lack of phosporylation of the C-terminal domian of Pol Il will result in which of the following? O Assembly of the full set of general transcription factors plus Pol II at the promoter, but unphosphorylated Pol II cannot leave the promoter region No assembly of the general transcription factors at a promoter No binding of Pol II at a promoter The unphosphorylated Pol II can initiate and elongate but cannot terminate
Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is similar in that.. the MRNA produced can undergo alternative spicing both are regulated by binding of proteins to DNA near the gene being transcribed both are regulated by promoters that can be located far away from the gene both occur within the cell nucleus transcriptional machinery controls the structure of chromatin
Shown below is an eukaryotic gene. Assuming normal wild type RNA processing in a.cell, which of the following mature MRNAS could result in normal levels of functional synthesized proteins? Select all that apply Direction of transcription Promoter Template strand 5' Exon 4 Intron 3 Exon 3 Intron 2 Exon 2 Intron 1 Exon 1 3' 5' Coding strand Transcription start Transcription start 5' CAP-Exon1-Exon3-Exon4-AA..AAAA 5' CAP-Exon1-Exon2-Exon3-Exon4-AA...AAAA 5' CAP-Exon1-Exon2-Exon3-Exon4 Exon1-Exon2-Exon3-Exon4-.....AAAA
Identify the DNA elements and protein factors, #1-7, in the figure below that are involved in the initiation and elongation of transcription at a eukaryotic promoter of a gene TRANSCRIPTION ON RNA PROCESSING PefA A eukaryotic promoter commonly includes a TATA box (a nucleotide sequence TRANSLATION Ritoom containing TATA) about 25 nucleotides upstream from Nontemplate (coding) strand of DNA 7 Pupeptide 1 the transcriptional start point. Nontemplate (coding or sense) strand DNA TATAAAA ATATILTI 5 2 3 Start point 2 Several transcription TCCAA 3' 5' factors, one recognizing the TATA box, must bind 3' end to the DNA before RNA 4 polymerase Il can bind in the correct position and orientation. UCCA 3 5' 3' 3 Additional transcription GGTT factors (purple) bind to the DNA along with RNA 5' Direction of transcription polymerase II, forming the transcription initiation 3 complex. RNA polymerase Il then unwinds the DNA double helix, and RNA synthesis begins at the start point on the temple strand.…
Transcription factors function in the nucleus. However, like (almost) all eukaryotic proteins,they are translated in the cytosol. Can you draw a visual to explain how transcription factor proteinsenter the nucleus from the cytoplasm? Can you also include a representation of relevant proteins and proteindomains to explain how these proteins reach their destination. Thank you
What effect would inhibitors of histone deacetylases have upon transcription? Group of answer choices They would increase transcription by making the chromatin more compact They would increase transcription by making the chromatin less compact They would decrease transcription by making the chromatin more compact They would decrease transcription by making the chromatin less compact For this question, we will consider a eukaryotic mRNA that has four exons (E1, E2, E3, E4) and three introns (I1, I2, I3). What could occur if a protein were to bind over the 3' splice site of intron 2 (I2)? Group of answer choices The processed mRNA would consist of: E1+E2+E3+E4 The processed mRNA would consist only of: E1+E3 The processed mRNA would consist only of: E3+E4 The processed mRNA would consist of: E1+E2+E4
Use the illustration as a reference to select the correct statements transcription factors of eukaryotic cells 00 Other transcription factor proteins Gene Enhancers Promoter 3 This protein complex makes it easier for RNA polymerase to attach to the promoter and start transcribing a gene 1 Activator proteins bind to pieces of DNA called enhancers. Their binding causes the DNA to bend, bringing them near a gene promoter, even though they may be thousands of base pairs away. RNA polymerase Activator proteins note This dagram simplifies the DNA - A 4 An insulator can stop the enhancers from binding to the promoter, if a protein called CTCF (named for the sequence CCCTC, which occurs in all insulators) binds to it. 2 Other transcription factor proteins join the activator proteins, forming a protein complex which binds to the gene promoter. Methyl groups CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor) -Insulator 5 Methylation, the addition of a methyl group to the C nudeotides, prevents CTCF ulator, enhancers…
Please match the gene element with the the correct definition. control elements 5' UTR 3' UTR Promoter coding region +1 site [Choose ] stretch of DNA that contains the sequence that will encode the protein the active form of RNA polymerase region of DNA upstream of transcription start site that is recognized by RNA polymerase region of mRNA on the 5' end that goes untranslated RNA polymerase and the sigma factor regions of DNA that increase or decrease transcription rate the first nucleotide to be transcribed region of mRNA on the 3' end that goes untranslated a transcription initiation factor that helps RNA polymerase recognize the promoter the inactive form of RNA polymerase [Choose ] [Choose ]
How does the 4 feature of transcription factors namely the structural motifs of DNA binding protein, activation domains, multiple transcription factors and enhancers help in the design of a building block tool. U can use the SrY gene as ur building block tool. Pls explain in details using those features of the transcription factors. In 400 words
The following are examples of how eukaryotic cells may control gene expression O small RNA molecules methylation of DNA and histones O histone acetylation a promoter region that controls the initiation of transcription O Enhancer regions, which are frequently found very far away from the promoter region A alternative splicing of mRNA RNA binding proteins, a 5'cap, and 3' poly-A tail on MRNA imorove stability and reduce likelihood of degradation OInducible and repressible operons