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A cell that remains capable of dividing throughout the life of an organism, and that produces daughter cells that can mature into any of several different cell types is a
a. cancerous cell.
b. differentiated cell.
c. stem cell.
d. gamete.
Introduction:
The cells that have the capability to divide and get differentiated into different cell types are called the stem cells. The stem cells are of different types, the pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and the totipotent stem cells. The multipotent stem cells are capable to give rise to different types of cells. The pluripotent cell types are capable to develop a part of the organ and the totipotent stem cells are those which have the capability to give rise to entire organism.
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
The stem cells have the capability to divide throughout an organism’s life and get differentiated into several different types of the cells.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
The stem cells like, hematopoietic stem cells are capable of dividing throughout the organism’s life. The hematopoietic stem cells, for example, are the source of all types of blood cells in the human body. The red blood cells and white blood cells are derived from the hematopoietic stem cells. The life of red blood cell is 120 days, after which has to be renewed; thus, the stem cells divide and get matured into the red blood cell types. Similarly, there are other types of stem cells that are capable of replacing the older cells.
Explanation for incorrect answer:
The cancerous cells divide uncontrollably and produce an extra mass of the cells that require continuous nutrients from the body. They do not replace the damaged cells. The differentiated cells are those that have already acquired a specific function. A gamete is a haploid cell and does not get divided further.
Thus, it can be concluded that the stem cells are the types of cells that divide throughout the organism’s life and produce different types of the cells. The cancerous cells produce only single types of the cells, the differentiated cells do not get divided further and the gametes only provide signals to zygote to divide further.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
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