Modern Physics
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780805303087
Author: Randy Harris
Publisher: Addison Wesley
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 8, Problem 10CQ
To determine
The way lithium-6 and lithium-7 behave as individual atoms: bosons or fermions.
Whether the gas of either behave as bosons.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
3. The classical partition function of a gas of noninteracting indistinguishable particles is written
as
exp{-
N!
2m
Z=
where N is the number of particles of mass m, r, and p, are the position and the momentum of the
ith particle, B = 1/(kpT), and Tis the temperature of the gas. The volume of the gas is V.
(a) Find the analytic expression of the partition function of the gas.
(b) Obtain the total mean energy E of the gas from the partition function.
(c) Obtain the entropy S of the gas from the partition function and the total mean energy.
Lexp(-x³xdx = Va
Hint:
Statistical Mechanics. We have a system of N bosons with zero spin. Each boson can have two states of energies 0 and E. Let μ be the chemical potential of the system and suppose that N >> 1. a) Determine the temperature T so that the mean population of the ground state is twice that of the excited state of energy E. Express kT only in terms of N and E. b) What would be the corresponding temperature T′ if the particles obeyed Boltzmann statistics? Compare both results and discuss them physically.
How many particles are present in a closed container if the energy it contains is 98998.19J, and the diatomic oxygen gas is moving at a velocity of 26.52m/s? Use only the whole number for the value of atomic mass unit. Express your answer in proper scientific notation.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Modern Physics
Ch. 8 - A dipole without angular momentum can simply...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CQCh. 8 - Prob. 4CQCh. 8 - Prob. 5CQCh. 8 - Prob. 6CQCh. 8 - Prob. 7CQCh. 8 - Prob. 8CQCh. 8 - Prob. 9CQCh. 8 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11CQCh. 8 - Prob. 12CQCh. 8 - Prob. 13CQCh. 8 - Prob. 14CQCh. 8 - Prob. 15CQCh. 8 - Lithium is chemically reactive. What if electrons...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17CQCh. 8 - Prob. 18CQCh. 8 - Prob. 19CQCh. 8 - Prob. 20CQCh. 8 - Prob. 21CQCh. 8 - Prob. 22CQCh. 8 - Prob. 23CQCh. 8 - The total-spin singlet state for two electrons has...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - Prob. 26ECh. 8 - Show that the frequency at which an electron’s...Ch. 8 - Prob. 28ECh. 8 - Prob. 29ECh. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Prob. 31ECh. 8 - Prob. 33ECh. 8 - Prob. 34ECh. 8 - Prob. 35ECh. 8 - Prob. 36ECh. 8 - Prob. 37ECh. 8 - Prob. 38ECh. 8 - Prob. 39ECh. 8 - Prob. 41ECh. 8 - Prob. 42ECh. 8 - The Slater determinant is introduced in Exercise...Ch. 8 - Prob. 44ECh. 8 - Exercise 44 gives an antisymmetricmultiparticle...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46ECh. 8 - Prob. 48ECh. 8 - Write the electronic configurations for...Ch. 8 - Prob. 50ECh. 8 - Prob. 51ECh. 8 - Prob. 52ECh. 8 - Prob. 53ECh. 8 - Prob. 54ECh. 8 - Prob. 55ECh. 8 - Prob. 56ECh. 8 - Prob. 57ECh. 8 - Prob. 58ECh. 8 - Prob. 59ECh. 8 - The well-known sodium doublet is two yellow...Ch. 8 - Prob. 61ECh. 8 - Prob. 62ECh. 8 - Prob. 64ECh. 8 - Prob. 65ECh. 8 - Prob. 66ECh. 8 - Prob. 67ECh. 8 - Prob. 68ECh. 8 - Prob. 69ECh. 8 - Prob. 70ECh. 8 - Repeat Example 8.6, but assume that the upper...Ch. 8 - Prob. 72ECh. 8 - Prob. 73ECh. 8 - Prob. 74ECh. 8 - Using J2=L2+S2+2LS to eliminate LS , as well as...Ch. 8 - A hydrogen atom is subjected to a magnetic field...Ch. 8 - Prob. 77ECh. 8 - Prob. 78ECh. 8 - Prob. 79ECh. 8 - Prob. 80ECh. 8 - Prob. 81ECh. 8 - As is done for helium in Table 8.3, determine for...Ch. 8 - Prob. 83CECh. 8 - Prob. 84CECh. 8 - Prob. 85CE
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- on a table there are pieces of banknotes prepared as 10usd, 20usd, 30usd, 40usd, 50usd, 60usd, 70usd, 80usd and each one of the 5 people takes one single piece. if people behave like fermion, the fermi money is ..arrow_forward2.00 mol of the helium is confined to a 2.00-L container at a pressure of 11.0 atm. The atomic mass of helium is 4.00 u, and the conversion between u and kg is 1 u = 1.661 ××10−27 kg. 1)Calculate vrms. (Express your answer to three significant figures.)arrow_forward1. Given the state vector represented by the column 1 2 V6|1 Calculate (H) and (H²) as defined by the hamonic oscillator.arrow_forward
- 1. Consider an electron confined in a region of nuclear dimensions (about 5 fm). Find its minimum possible kinetic energy in MeV. Treat this problem as one-dimensional, and use the relativistic relation between E and p. Give your answer to 2 significant figures. (The large value you will find is a strong argument against the presence of electrons inside nuclei, since no known mechanism could contain an electron with this much energy.)arrow_forwardAssume a hydrogen atom is a sphere with diameter 0.100 nm and a hydrogen molecule consists of two such spheres in contact. (a) What fraction of the space in a tank of hydrogen gas at 08C and 1.00 atm is occupied by the hydrogen molecules themselves? (b) What fraction of the space within one hydrogen atom is occupied by its nucleus, of radius 1.20 fmarrow_forwardIn a nanoscale experiment, an atom is confined to an infinitesimally small volume in which its partition function, z, has a value of 6. A second experiment confines three of these atoms in the same volume. What is the value of Z for this new system? 18 216 06 O24 36arrow_forward
- The population ratio between two energy levels ni nj separated in energy by: A E = E₁ - Ej with AE = 1.1×10-22 J is 0.84. That is: ni = 0.84 with AE = 1.1×10-22] nj Remember the Boltzmann equation for the population of particles in state i with energy Ei at temperature T is: N n₁ = = e Z What is the temperature of the system (use two sig figs)? 4.0 ✓ Karrow_forwardHow many particles are present in a closed container if the energy it contains is 91886.21 J, and the diatomic oxygen gas is moving at a velocity of 66.01 m/s? Use only the whole number for the value of atomic mass unit. Express your answer in proper scientific notation.arrow_forward2. Two particles, one of spin 2 and another of spin ½, are at rest in a box. The spin state of the entire system is 12). Identify the possible values that would be obtained from the measurements of Sand $2) and the probability of obtaining each value.arrow_forward
- Not only particles such as electrons and protons but also entire atoms can be classified as fermions or bosons, depending on whether their overall spin quantum numbers are, respectively, half-integral or integral. Consider the helium isotopes 3He and 4He. Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Both are fermions. (b) Both are bosons. (c) 4He is a fermion, and 3He is a boson. (d) 3He is a fermion, and 4He is a boson. (The two helium electrons form a closed shell and play no role in this determination.)arrow_forward4. Consider two indistinguishable spin-1/2 fermions in a one-dimensional infinite square well of length L. Construct the state vector and determine the energy for the ground-state of the two-particle system assuming the particles are non-interacting. i. ii. Determine the first excited state energy of the two-particle system and give all its state vectors, again assuming the particles are non-interacting. What is the degeneracy of the first excited state? ji. Suppose the particles interact via the potential V(x, x2) = k(x1 – x2)² where k is positive and small. Discuss quantitatively how the ground and first-excited state energies differ from the case for non-interacting particles. 5. A one-electron atom has atomic number Z, mass number M and a spherical nucleus of radius ry. Assume electric charge +Ze is uniformly distributed throughout the volume of the nucleus. Ignoring spin, use first order non-degenerate perturbation theory and the hydrogenic wave functions adapted to the…arrow_forwardTable 1 lists the systematic uncertainties on a matter-antimatter asymmetry, also known as charge-paritv (CP) asvmmetrv, measured for the decay of a Dº meson into a K+K¯a+n¯ final state. Given that the CP asymmetry is defined by NA- NB A NA + NB where NA = 10974± 117 and NB = 10749±116, compute the value and uncertainty on A, writing statistical and systematic uncertainties separately. You may assume that NA and Ng are uncorrelated and that the systematic uncertainties are uncorrelated. Table 1: Systematic uncertainty contributions on A for Dº → K+K¯ata¯ data. Source of systematic uncertainty Magnitude of contribution mis-reconstructed signal shape Charged particle identification momentum (p*(D°)) cut Detector asymmetry 0.001 0.004 0.002 0.001 A. Compute the total systematic uncertainty on this asymmetry.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning