Organic-certified coffee. Coffee markets that conform to organic standards focus on the environmental aspects of coffee growing, such as the use of shade trees and a reduced reliance on chemical pesticides. A study of organic coffee growers was published in Food Policy (Vol. 36, 201 0). In a representative sample of 845 coffee growers from southern Mexico, 417 growers were certified to sell to organic coffee markets while 77 growers were transitioning to become organic certified. In the United States, 60% of coffee growers are organic certified. Is there evidence to indicate that fewer than 60% of the coffee growers in southern Mexico are either organic certified or transitioning to become organic certified? State your conclusion so that there is only a 5% chance of making a Type I error.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
Statistics for Business and Economics (13th Edition)
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Introductory Statistics
Stats: Modeling the World Nasta Edition Grades 9-12
Business Statistics: A First Course (8th Edition)
An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics and Its Applications (6th Edition)
Basic Business Statistics, Student Value Edition (13th Edition)
- "The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said about 72 million Americans-nearly one out of every four of the country's 304 million residents-are considered obese. Millions more are designated as overweight." The American trend toward obesity has prompted many physicians to offer weight-loss programs to their patients. [Source: Price, W. T. "Physicians Get into the Weight-Loss Business." Florida Today, July 7, 2008.] A physician conducted an experimental study to compare the effectiveness of four different weight-loss programs. In the study, 60 obese adults were randomly assigned to the four programs so that each program had 15 adults. The programs lasted for six months. The weights of the subjects were measured before and after the programs, and each subject's weight loss was computed in pounds. The following table summarizes the results of the study, giving the number of observations and the sample mean and variance of the subjects' weight loss in each program. Treatment…arrow_forwardPlastics which are no longer needed for current use end up being recycled, or incinerated, or discarded into landfills or the natural environment. According to the 2016- 17 Australian Plastics Recycling Survey, the term ‘recycling’ is used in the plastics industry “to cover a range of activities including collection, sorting, reprocessing, export for reprocessing and manufacture of new products.” In order to avoid double-counting materials, survey data is typically collected on the reprocessing stage, which is the stage where waste plastics are converted into a new product (may be finished or semi-finished).arrow_forwardIn a Harvard Medical Practice Study, a sample of 31,429 medical records of hospital patoents were reviewed to assess the frequency of medical malpractice. Two types of malpractice were identified A. adverse events and B. negligence. An approximate 1% sample of records was reviewed on two different occasions by different review teams. The data in the tables below was obtained. A. Adverse events Review Process B + - Review Process A + 35 13 Review Process A - 21 249 Are the frequency of reporting of adverse events or negligence comparable in review process A ( the original review) and review process B ( the re review)? B. Negligence Review Process B + - Review Process A + 4 9 Review Process A - 12 293arrow_forward
- Coffee markets that conform to organic standards focus on the environmental aspect of coffee growing, such as the use of shade trees and a reduced reliance on chemical pesticides. A study of organic coffee growers was published in a reputable food trade magazine. In a representative sample of 843 coffee growers from a large region, 417 growers were certified to sell to organic coffee markets while 77 growers were transitioning to become organic certified. In a different country, 60% of the coffee growers are organic certified. Is there evidence to indicate that fewer than 60% of the coffee growers in the region of interest are either organic certified or transitioning to become certified? State the conclusion so that there is only a 5% chance of making a Type I error. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. H₂ H₂ (Type integers or decimals. Do not round)arrow_forwardDeforestation is a serious problem throughout much of India. An article discusses the social forces that influence forest management policies in three Indian states: Haryana, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. The forest quality in Haryana is somewhat degraded, in Bihar it is very degraded, and in Uttar Pradesh it is well-stocked. In order to study the relationship between educational levels and attitudes toward forest management, random samples of adults in each of these states were surveyed and their educational levels were ascertained. The numbers of adults at each of several educational levels were recorded. The data are presented in the following table (see image). A.Find the P-value B.State a conclusion. Can you conclude that the educational levels differ among the three states?arrow_forwardc) A pharmaceutical company conducts an experiment to test the effect of a new cholesterol medication. The company selects 15 subjects randomly from a larger population. Each subject is randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Within each treatment group, subjects receive a different dose of the new medication. In Group 1, subjects receive 0 mg/day; in Group 2, 50 mg/day; and in Group 3, 100 mg/day. At a=0.05 does dosage level have a significant effect on cholesterol level? Group 1 (0 mg): 210, 240, 270, 270,300 Group 2 (50mg): 210, 240, 240, 270,270 Group 3 (100mg): 180, 210, 210, 210,240arrow_forward
- According to the February 2008 Federal Trade Commission report on consumer fraud and identity theft, 23% of all complaints in 2007 were for identity theft. In that year, assume some state had 454 complaints of identity theft out of 1660 consumer complaints. Do these data provide enough evidence to show that the state had a higher proportion of identity theft than 23%? Test at the 10% level.arrow_forwardRecent revenue shortfalls in a southern state led to a reduction in the state budget for higher education. To offset the reduction, the largest state university proposed a 20%20% tuition increase. It was determined that such a large increase was needed to simply compensate for lost support from the state. Random samples of 100 freshmen, 100 sophomores, 100 juniors, and 100 seniors from the university were asked whether they were strongly opposed to the increase, given that it was the minimum increase necessary to maintain the university’s budget at current levels. The results are given in the table. Strongly opposed Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior Yes 78 72 58 36 No 22 28 42 64 What is the contribution to the chi‑square statistic from the cell of strongly opposed juniors? = 0.1551 =3 =9 =0.1475arrow_forwardAs the price of oil rises, there is increased worldwide interest in alternate sources of energy. The Financial Times/Harris Poll surveyed people in six countries to assess attitudes toward a variety of alternate forms of energy. The data in the following table are a portion of the poll's findings concerning whether people favor or oppose the building of new nuclear power plants.arrow_forward
- Suppose that 50 men with a family history of prostate cancer participate in a study. First, the men’s PSA levels are tested. After that, biopsies are performed on all of them, to gauge the effectiveness of PSA screening, and determine whether biopsies should have been performed. (Outside of the study, biopsies wouldn’t be performed on all of them). The following table shows the results of the study. a. Suppose the cut-off value is set at 2. What is the sensitivity for this group? What is the specificity?arrow_forward2) The federal guideline for smog is 12% pollutants per 10,000 volume of air. A metropolitan city is trying to bring its smog level into federal guidelines. The city comes up with a new policy where city employees are to use city transportation to and from work. A local environmental group does not think the city is doing enough, and that the pollution percentage is greater than 12%. An independent agency hired by the city to run a test used a random sample size of 250 and found the pollutants at 15%. Test an appropriate hypothesis and state your conclusion. Be sure the appropriate assumptions and conditions are satisfied before you proceed.arrow_forward3. A study was conducted to investigate the use of community-based treatment programs among Medicaid beneficiaries suffering from severe mental illness. The study involved assigning a sample of 311 patients to a prepaid medical plan and a sample of 310 patients to the traditional Medicaid program. After a specified period of time, the number of persons in each group who had visited a community crisis center in the previous three months was determined. Among the subjects assigned to the prepaid plan, 13 had visited a crisis center; among those receiving traditional Medicaid, 22 had visited a crisis center. a. Using Stata, test the null hypothesis that the proportions are identical in the two populations, at the 0.10 significance level. b. From the Stata output, what are your estimates of the two proportions? c. Using the information from the Stata output, calculate the 95% confidence interval for the true difference between the proportions. d. Use Stata to determine how much power you…arrow_forward
- Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...AlgebraISBN:9780547587776Author:HOLT MCDOUGALPublisher:HOLT MCDOUGALGlencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill