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7.13 Figure 7-2 depicts the interactions of an ion with its first nearest neighbors, second nearest neighbors, and third nearest neighbors in a lattice, (a) Would the interactions with the fourth nearest neighbors be attractive or repulsive? (b) Based on Coulomb's law, how would the relative sizes of the terms compare if the potential energy were expressed as
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Chemistry for Engineering Students
- 11)Explain the given ionization energy for each pair using electron configurations. (12(Be)l1(B), I1(N)>l1(O) ).arrow_forwardUse the periodic table to (i) predict electron configurations for the following species: Arsenic ion, As3– Magnesium ion, Mg2+ Vanadium(II) ion, V2+ (ii) Write the electron configurations of each species in the noble gas notation. (iii) Draw an orbital diagram to represent 1 c above. Draw the Lewis electron dot structures of the following chemical species. In each case you must say whether or not the central atom obeys the Octet Rule. CS2 and H2S CF4 and SiH4 NH2Cl CO32– and BF3 PCl5 ClF3, XeF2, Calculate the formal charge on the Sulphur atom in the Sulphate anion structure shown below(picture attatched) Give the electron-pair and molecular geometries for NF3 and XeF4.arrow_forwardThe ionization energy of lithium is 520.2 kJ/mole, and the electron affinity of hydrogen is 72.8 kJ/mole.(a) Find the separation distance in LiH at which the Coulomb potential energy equals the energy cost of removing an electron from Li and adding it to H.(b) The measured electric dipole moment of the molecule LiH is 2.00 × 10^−29 C · m. What is the fractional ionic character of LiH?(c) Instead of removing an electron from Li and attaching it to H, we could regard the formation of LiH as occurring by removing an electron from H and attaching it to Li (electron affinity = 59.6 kJ/mole). Why don’t we consider this as the formation process?arrow_forward
- Without consulting any tables, arrange the following sub- stances in order and explain your choice of order: (a) Mg²+, Ar, Br¯, Ca²* in order of increasing radius (b) Na, Na*, O, Ne in order of increasing ionization energy (c) H, F, Al, O in order of increasing electronegativityarrow_forward5. Which of the following alkali metal halides has the larger lattice energy, and which has the smaller lattice energy? Explain. (a) (b)arrow_forward2. Which one of each of the following pairs has the higher ionization energy? Explain in detail for each case. (a) Na or K (b) Ве or B (с) В or C (d) N or O F or Ne (f) Mg or Mg* Ne or Naarrow_forward
- 7. Which element has the smallest first ionization energy? (a) Cs (b) Ga (c) K (d) Bi (e) As 8. Which element has the smallest second ionization energy? (a) Mg (b) Li (c) S (d) O (e) Ca 9. Which of the following sets contain all linear molecules? (a) H2S, HCN, CO2. (b) HCN, O2, CO2 (c) H2O, CO, Cl2. (d) H2S, CO, CO2. (e) BF3, Cl2, O2 10. The molecular geometry of SnCl3-ion is: (a) trigonal planar (b) T-shaped. (c) trigonal pyramidal. (d) Tetrahedral (e) see-saw 11. The geometry of the molecule SPC13 is best described as: (a) square planar (b) trigonal pyramidal (c) trigonal bipyramidal. (d) octahedral (e) tetrahedral 12. The O-S-Cl bond angles in O2SCl2 are expected to be approximately: (a) 90° (b) 109.5° (c) 120° (d)180 ° (e) 90° and 120°arrow_forwardArrange the following iso-electronic species in order of increasing ionic radius: Br –,Sr2+, As3–. Give a brief explanation why you chose this arrangement.arrow_forwardConsider the element silicon, Si. (a) Write its electron configuration.(b) How many valence electrons does a siliconatom have? (c) Which subshells hold the valenceelectrons?arrow_forward
- Item 5 Answer the following questions related to the chemical bonding in substances containing Cl. (a) What type of chemical bond is present in the Cl2 molecule? (b) Cl2 reacts with the element Sr to form an ionic compound. Based on periodic properties, identify a molecule, X2, that is likely to react with Sr in a way similar to how Cl2 reacts with Sr. Justify your choice. (c) A graph of potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Cl atoms is given below. On the same graph, carefully sketch a curve that corresponds to potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Br atoms. (d) In the box below, draw a complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for the C2Cl4 molecule. (e) Answer the following based on the diagram you drew above. (i) What is the hybridization of the CC atoms in C2Cl4? (ii) What is the approximate chlorine-carbon-chlorine bond angle in C2Cl4? (iii) Is the C2Cl4 molecule…arrow_forwardMixing SbCl3 and GaCl3 in a 1:1 molar ratio using liquid sulfur dioxide as a solvent gives a solidionic compound with the empirical formula GaSbCl6. A controversy arose over whether this compoundis [SbCl2]+[GaCl4]− or [GaCl2]+[SbCl4]−.(a) Predict the molecular structure of the two anions from the two choices using VSEPR theory.(b) It is learned that the cation in the compound has a bent structure. Based on this fact, whichformulation is the correct one?arrow_forwardhe atomic radii of two hypotheticalM2+and N2ions are 0.070 and 0.160 nm, respectively.(a)Calculate the attractive energy between these two ions at r= 0.28nm, ris the separation distance between two ions;(b)Calculate the attractive forcebetween these two ions at r= 0.28nm, ris the separation distance between two ions;(c)Calculate the force of attraction between these two ions at their equilibrium interionic separation (i.e., when the ions just touch one another).(d)What is the force of repulsion at this same separation distance(i.e. their equilibrium interionic separation?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning