The reason for H attached to N or O atom to participate in hydrogen bond but not an H attached to carbon atom should be determined. Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are types of forces that are responsible to hold atoms together in a molecule. There are various types of intermolecular forces as follows: 1. Hydrogen bonding: As is evident from its name, these types of forces exist if hydrogen is present. Such forces are present when hydrogen atom bonds with highly electronegative elements like N , O and F . It is of two types: intramolecular and intermolecular. HF forms hydrogen bonding with water. 2. Ion-dipole forces: This force exists between ion and molecules with dipole moment in them. Attraction exists between ion and oppositely charged end of the dipole. 3. Ion-induced dipole forces: When an ion approaches a non-polar molecule, it induces temporary dipole in it. Ion gets attracted to oppositely charged part of dipole induced in molecule. 4. Dispersion forces: These forces are also known as an induced dipole-induced dipole. Such forces are present between various atoms and molecules. These are observed generally in non-polar molecules, halogens, and noble gases.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 15CTQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason for H attached to N or O atom to participate in hydrogen bond but not an H attached to carbon atom should be determined.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are types of forces that are responsible to hold atoms together in a molecule. There are various types of intermolecular forces as follows:

1. Hydrogen bonding:

As is evident from its name, these types of forces exist if hydrogen is present. Such forces are present when hydrogen atom bonds with highly electronegative elements like N , O and F . It is of two types: intramolecular and intermolecular. HF forms hydrogen bonding with water.

2. Ion-dipole forces:

This force exists between ion and molecules with dipole moment in them. Attraction exists between ion and oppositely charged end of the dipole.

3. Ion-induced dipole forces:

When an ion approaches a non-polar molecule, it induces temporary dipole in it. Ion gets attracted to oppositely charged part of dipole induced in molecule.

4. Dispersion forces:

These forces are also known as an induced dipole-induced dipole. Such forces are present between various atoms and molecules. These are observed generally in non-polar molecules, halogens, and noble gases.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Select the single best answer. For the following molecule, indicate the positive and negative ends of the dipole, using the symbol →→→→. Refer to a table of the Pauling electronegativity scale as needed. HF The arrow points to the left. The arrow points to the right.

Draw a reasonable resonance structure for the following species. Draw out all bonds to the oxygen atom in your answer.

An electrostatic potential map of calicene is shown below. a) Both the electrostatic potential map and its significant dipole moment indicate that calicene is an unusually polar hydrocarbon. Which of the dipolar resonance forms, structure A or structure B, better corresponds to the electron distribution in the molecule? Select the single best answer. b) Which one of the following structures should be stabilized by resonance to a greater extent? Select the single best answer.