I/O-bound:
The execution of
Compute-bound:
The program takes time to complete a task and this time is determined by the speed of CPU. Most programs for the computations are within the CPU/memory system. The determined time for the task is called compute bound.
The process time that requires for the execution of the program is divided into intervals called time slice. CPU switches between the processes in which the execution of each process is restricted to only one time slice.
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Computer Science: An Overview (13th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
- _____ is a CPU design technique in which instruction execution is divided into multiple stages and different instructions can execute in different stages simultaneously.arrow_forwardIf a process spends a fraction 'P' of its time waiting for I/O to complete with 'n' process in memory at once, the probability that all 'n' processes are waiting for I/O is and the CPU utilization isarrow_forwardKeeping in mind that there are presently two processes active; postponing execution till after one of the processes has finished. You can think that phase 1 is the most important of the two phases, while the other one is on the lower end of the importance scale. Only a single action at a time may be stored in the primary memory. How does the central processing unit calculate anything like that? Both options contain the phases that are necessary for the operation of a CPU, but which one is better?arrow_forward
- Assuming that two processes are currently running; delaying execution before one of the processes completes. For the most part, you may consider the phase 1 is the most essential and the other is less important. The main memory can store just one action at a time. The CPU explains how it performs calculation on that? The choices of both include the stages involved in the functioning of a CPU?arrow_forwardAssuming two processes are currently running; delaying execution till one of them finishes. You may think step 1 is the most significant and phase 2 is secondary. One operation can be stored in main memory. How does the CPU compute on that? Both choices include the stages involved in a CPU's operation?arrow_forwardIn a microprocessor-based system with several tasks that are supposed to be executed more or less simultaneously, there is a necessary condition for the sum of the computing times of the tasks. Please state this.arrow_forward
- Assume there are two secondary memory processes running; wait for them to complete. In light of phase 1, the highest priority is given to one task and the lowest priority is given to the other. Only one process will be able to run at the same time in the main memory. Explain how the CPU operates on the system. Can you explain the mechanism that exists between all of the CPU components?arrow_forwardThere are a number of benefits that come from the practise of first delegating the execution of a process to an input/output queue and then, once the CPU is ready, handing control back to it. Who knows what may occur if the input/output is suddenly stopped? Will there be an impact on the burst of the central processing unit? How exactly does this hold true?arrow_forwardQuestion 1 The earlier machines were using the hardwired mechanism to control the function of processes of the computer. Discuss the components of the Von Neumann Architecture that moved the functions of the computers from Special purpose machine to universal (General) machine. Almost all computer users think during multitasking processes, the CPU is actually processing all tasks given to concurrently. Explain to the ordinary user, with the help of one memory management technique and interrupts, what really happens during multitasking.arrow_forward
- NOTE: "Exekveringstid(ms)" means execution time or burst time in milliseconds Assume that a system with a CPU at one time has the following processes queued in the CPU's READY queue: Calculate the waiting time for the seven processes: 1) If FCFS is being used 2) If LRU is being used 3) If RR with time quantum of 8msarrow_forwardConsider a system running 2 (two) CPU-bound tasks (C1- C2) and 1 (one) I/O-bound tasks (I1). I/O bound task issues an I/O operation (of 10 milliseconds duration) for every 1 millisecond of CPU time. A CPU-bound task issues an I/O operation (of 1 millisecond duration) for every 10 milliseconds of CPU time. A CPU-bound task requires 20 milliseconds of CPU to complete and an I/O-bound task requires 2millisecond of CPU time.• Assume that there is only one I/O device (so multiple I/O requests may have toqueue).• Assume that CPU context switch time is 1 millisecond.• Assume that the ready queue has C1, I1, C2 jobs in that order with C1 at the frontof the queue. There are no jobs in the system at time 0.• Assume FCFS scheduling for both CPU and I/O.Show through Gantt charts (as a table) how the I/O and CPU are allocated and computethe average turnaround times for the CPU-bound and I/O-bound tasks. (Note: Each CPUboundjob ends with an I/O operation which is unusual. But that is okay for…arrow_forwardQuestion 1a. The earlier machines were using the hardwired mechanism to control the function ofprocesses of the computer. Discuss the components of the Von Neumann Architecturethat moved the functions of the computers from Special purpose machine to universal(General) machine. b. Almost all computer users think during multitasking processes, the CPU is actuallyprocessing all tasks given to concurrently. Explain to the ordinary user, with the helpof one memory management technique and interrupts, what really happens duringmultitasking. Question 2a. Balancing performance between processor, memory, buses and peripheral devices, isalmost impossible as due to constant evolving nature of certain two major factors.Identify these factors and discuss how their nature hinders the attempt to keep thesedevices in balance. b. During an optimal use of the computer, where there are several application runningthe CPU usage would usually be amount only 37%, which means that the CPU is idlemost of the…arrow_forward
- Systems ArchitectureComputer ScienceISBN:9781305080195Author:Stephen D. BurdPublisher:Cengage Learning