Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 22, Problem 3EQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The necessity to link chain A and B with β-galactosidase and the separation of the chains after the synthesis of the fusion protein in Escherichia coli.
Introduction:
Insulin is the first genetically engineered drug. Human insulin is responsible for regulating the uptake of glucose into fat and muscle cells. The beta pancreatic cells are responsible for producing insulin. The loss of these cells results in inadequate production of insulin.
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A gene contains the sequence CGCATACGGTAC that results in the amino acid sequence arg-ile-arq-
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 22.1 - 1. Which of the following uses of microorganisms...Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 22.2 - When a cloned gene is inserted into a noncritical...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 22.5 - A means of introducing a cloned gene into cells...
Ch. 22.5 - 2. Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 22 - 1. What is a recombinant microorganism? Discuss...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 22 - 3. What is bioremediation? What is the difference...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 22 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 22 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 22 - 7. What is a transgenic organism? Describe three...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 22 - Explain the difference between gene modification...Ch. 22 - As described inChapter 5, not all inherited traits...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 22 - 12. Discuss the concerns that some people have...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1EQCh. 22 - 2. Bacillus thuringiensis makes toxins that kill...Ch. 22 - Prob. 3EQCh. 22 - Prob. 4EQCh. 22 - Prob. 5EQCh. 22 - What is a gene knockout? Is an animal or plant...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7EQCh. 22 - Evidence [see P. G. Shiels, A. J. Kind, K. H....Ch. 22 - Prob. 9EQCh. 22 - 10. What is reproductive cloning? Are identical...Ch. 22 - Researchers have identified a gene in humans that...Ch. 22 - Treatment of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency...Ch. 22 - Several research studies are under way that...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 22 - 2. A commercially available strain of P....Ch. 22 - Prob. 3QSDC
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- In yeast cells, telomerase remains active and maintains telomeres of about 300 base pairs. Propose what would happen to the telomeres over time in a yeast lineage in which the following mutations were created. a) The gene encoding the catalytic subunit of the telomerase is deleted. b) What happens to the yeast telomeres over time if the telomerase RNA retains the same anchor but is altered in its templating region?arrow_forwardThe E. coli genome contains approximately 4639 kb. (a) How many copies of the 6-bp recognition sequence for the trp repressor would be expected to occur in the E. coli chromosome? (b) Explain why it is advantageous for the trp repressor to be a dimer that recognizes two adjacent 6-bp sequences.arrow_forwardYou are studying the tryptophan synthetase gene that Yanofsky also examined to determine the relationship between the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence of the gene. Yanofsky found a large number of mutations that affected the tryptophan synthetase gene. A) If you took this mutant E. Coli line (that has an Arginine at this location) and exposed it to a mutagen that could potentially change bases, what are the second mutations you would most likely discover that would restore the activity of the tryptophan synthetase gene and where would it be located? B) Most of the mutations that Yanofsky recovered were missense mutations. However, Yanofsky also recovered a nonsense mutation that changed amino acid number 15 into a stop codon. This codon normally encodes Lysine. Does the recovery of this mutation support the hypothesis that this Lysine residue is critical in the function of the tryptophan synthetase protein?arrow_forward
- Mabelle used the pET vector system to express her prokaryotic amylase enzyme. She added IPTG into her culture broth of DH5a Escherichia coli strain. At the end of the experiment, she discovered that her protein was not expressed. She repeated three more times but her protein of interest was still not produced. (i) (ii) Explain the reason why Mabelle failed to obtain her protein of interest and suggest a solution to troubleshoot this problem. Mabelle plans to express her protein fused to a polyhistidine-tag (His-tag). Explain the importance of His-tag in protein work.arrow_forwardGiven the template DNA sequence: 3’ - TAC - CAG - GTT - ACC - ATC - 5’ A.) What will be the mRNA requence corresponding to the template DNA sequence? B.) What is the amino acid sequence in letter A? ( e.g. Arg, Phe, etc.) C.) If the coding sequence of the dsDNA will "serve" as the template for transcription, what is the corresponding mRNA sequence? D.) With the mRNA transcript in letter C, what will be the amino acid sequence? ( e.g. Arg, Phe, etc.)arrow_forwardWhen Griffith incubated heat-killed virulent S strain bacteria with live avirulent R strains, he found that R cells were transformed into lethal, disease-causing bacteria. What is the molecule responsible for the transformation of R cells into the S type? Why did the transformation occur? A. Proteins in the heat-killed S cell extract; they were able to synthesize the capsular polysaccharide in the R cells and make them virulent. B. The capsular polysaccharide in the heat-killed S cell extract; the polysaccharide was able to attach to R cells, thus making them virulent. C. DNA in the heat-killed S cell extract; the DNA altered the genetic makeup of R cells, allowing them to synthesize the polysaccharide capsule, thus making them virulent. D. Specialized lipids in the cell membrane of the S cells were able to integrate with the R cells, conferring the ability to evade host immunity.arrow_forward
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- Breast cancer can be caused by a genetic mutation on the BRCA1 gene changing a methionine to an arginine residue in the transcribed protein. How will this mutation effect this protein? a) Polarity before and after mutation: b) Size of the region before and after the mutation: c) Tertiary interaction you would expect with substrate: d) Name an amino acid that the unaffected protein's methionine could interact:arrow_forwardA scientist used a transgenic strain of C. elegans into which a gene (gfp) for a green fluorescent protein had been introduced. He injected some worms with double-stranded RNA complementary to coding sequence of the gfp gene. The figure below shows the worms without (a; left) and with (b; right) ds gfp RNA. a (-) ds gfp RNA _(+) ds gfp RNA a) Explain these results . b) The scientist conducted another experiment in which he injected double-stranded RNA complementary to the introns and promoter sequences of the gfp gene. What results would you expect with this experiment? Explain your answer .arrow_forwardLet’s suppose you make a transposon library of the cellulose-secreting bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus, with the goal of finding mutants that produce higher than normal amounts of cellulose, which would be useful industrially. However, despite your best efforts you are unable to isolate any transposon mutants that make more cellulose than the wild-type strain.Why might this have failed? List as many reasons as you can think of.arrow_forward
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