Individual Income Taxes
43rd Edition
ISBN: 9780357109731
Author: Hoffman
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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Chapter 18, Problem 38CE
To determine
Compute the amount that S Company must report as their income for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021.
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In 2021, the Barton and Barton Company changed its method of valuing inventory from the FIFO method to the average cost method. At December 31, 2020, B & B’s inventories were $31.8 million (FIFO). B & B’s records indicated that the inventories would have totaled $23.7 million at December 31, 2020, if determined on an average cost basis. Ignoring income taxes, what journal entry will B & B use to record the adjustment in 2021? (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field. Enter your answers in millions rounded to 1 decimal place (i.e., 5,500,000 should be entered as 5.5).)
The Pyramid Company has used the LIFO method of accounting for inventory during its first two years of operation, 2019 and 2020. At the beginning of 2021, Pyramid decided to change to the average cost method for both tax and financial reporting purposes. The following table presents information concerning the change for 2019–2021. The income tax rate for all years is 25%.
Income before Income Tax
Using Average Cost Method
Using LIFO Method
Difference
IncomeTax Effect
Differenceafter Tax
2019
$
90,000
$
60,000
$
30,000
$
7,500
$
22,500
2020
45,000
36,000
9,000
2,250
6,750
Total
$
135,000
$
96,000
$
39,000
$
9,750
$
29,250
2021
$
51,000
$
46,000
$
5,000
$
1,250
$
3,750
Pyramid issued 50,000 $1 par, common shares for $230,000 when the business began, and there have been no changes in paid-in capital since then. Dividends were not paid the first year, but $10,000 cash…
In 2021, Adonis Industries changed its method of valuing inventory from the average cost method to the FIFO method. At December 31, 2020, Adonis’s inventories were $47.6 million (average cost). Adonis’s records indicated that the inventories would have totaled $64 million at December 31, 2020, if determined on a FIFO basis. Ignoring income taxes, what journal entry will Adonis use to record the adjustment in 2021?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Individual Income Taxes
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1DQCh. 18 - Prob. 2DQCh. 18 - Prob. 3DQCh. 18 - Prob. 4DQCh. 18 - Prob. 5DQCh. 18 - Prob. 6DQCh. 18 - Prob. 7DQCh. 18 - LO.2 In 2019, the taxpayer became ineligible to...Ch. 18 - LO.2 Osprey Corporation, an accrual basis...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10DQ
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11DQCh. 18 - Prob. 12DQCh. 18 - LO.2 Emerald Motors is an automobile dealer. The...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14DQCh. 18 - Prob. 15DQCh. 18 - Prob. 16DQCh. 18 - Prob. 17DQCh. 18 - LO.4, 7 In December 2019, Carl Corporation sold...Ch. 18 - LO.2, 5 What are the similarities between the crop...Ch. 18 - Prob. 20DQCh. 18 - Prob. 21DQCh. 18 - Prob. 22DQCh. 18 - LO.6 Largo Company is an engineering consulting...Ch. 18 - Prob. 24DQCh. 18 - Prob. 25DQCh. 18 - Prob. 26DQCh. 18 - Prob. 27CECh. 18 - LO.2 Gaffney Corporation is a wholesale...Ch. 18 - Prob. 29CECh. 18 - LO.2 In 2019, Chaya Corporation, an accrual basis,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 31CECh. 18 - Prob. 32CECh. 18 - Prob. 33CECh. 18 - Prob. 34CECh. 18 - Prob. 35CECh. 18 - Prob. 36CECh. 18 - Prob. 37CECh. 18 - Prob. 38CECh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - In 2018, Juan entered into a contract to write a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 43PCh. 18 - Compute Marys income or deductions for 2019 using...Ch. 18 - What accounting method (cash or accrual) would you...Ch. 18 - Blue Company, an architectural firm, has a...Ch. 18 - How do the all events and economic performance...Ch. 18 - Ross Company is a C corporation providing property...Ch. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Floyd, a cash basis taxpayer, has received an...Ch. 18 - Prob. 52PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - On June 30, 2019, Kelly sold property for 240,000...Ch. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - Prob. 58PCh. 18 - Prob. 59PCh. 18 - Ostrich Company makes gasoline storage tanks....Ch. 18 - Prob. 61PCh. 18 - Grouse Company is a furniture retailer whose...Ch. 18 - Lavender Manufacturing Company began business in...Ch. 18 - Silver Creek Ranch LLC is a small, family-owned...Ch. 18 - In 2019, Gail changed from the lower of cost or...Ch. 18 - At the end of 2020, Magenta Manufacturing Company...Ch. 18 - Prob. 67PCh. 18 - Prob. 68PCh. 18 - Prob. 69PCh. 18 - Prob. 1RPCh. 18 - Prob. 2RPCh. 18 - Prob. 3RPCh. 18 - Paula has sales that qualify to be reported on the...
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- Heller Company began operations in 2019 and used the LIFO method to compute its 300,000 cost of goods sold for that year. At the beginning of 2020, Heller changed to the FIFO method. Heller determined that its cost of goods sold under FIFO would have been 250,000 in 2019. For 2020, Hellers cost of goods sold under FIFO was 360,000, while it would have been 410,000 under LIFO. Heller is subject to a 21% income tax rate. Compute the cumulative effect of the retrospective adjustment on prior years income (net of taxes) that Heller would report on its retained earnings statement for 2020.arrow_forwardSchmidt Company began operations on January 1, 2018, and used the LIFO inventory method for both financial reporting and income taxes. However, at the beginning of 2020, Schmidt decided to switch to the average cost inventory method for financial and income tax reporting. It had previously reported the following financial statement information for 2019: An analysis of the accounting records discloses the following cost of goods sold under the LIFO and average cost inventory methods: There are no indirect effects of the change in inventory method. Revenues for 2020 total 130,000; operating expenses for 2020 total 30,000. Schmidt is subject to a 21% income tax rate in all years; it pays all income taxes payable in the next quarter. Assume that any deferred tax liability was paid in the subsequent year. Schmidt had 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding during all years; it paid dividends of 1 per share in 2020. At the end of 2020, Schmidt had cash of 15,600, inventory of 34,000, other assets of 76,000, income taxes payable of 4,200, and accounts payable of 3,000. It desires to show financial statements for the current year and previous year in its 2020 annual report. Required: 1. Prepare the journal entry to reflect the change in method at the beginning of 2020. Show supporting calculations. 2. Prepare the 2020 financial statements. Notes to the financial statements are not necessary. Show supporting calculations.arrow_forwardKoopman Company began operations on January 1, 2018, and uses they FIFO inventory method for financial reporting and the average cost inventory method for income taxes. At the beginning of 2020, Koopman decided to switch to the average cost inventory method for financial reporting. It had previously reported the following financial statement information for 2019: An analysis of the accounting records discloses the following cost of goods sold under the FIFO and average cost inventory methods: There are no indirect effects of the change in inventory method. Revenues for 2020 total 130,000; operating expenses for 2020 total 30,000. Koopman is subject to a 21% income tax rate in all years; it pays the income taxes payable of a current year in the first quarter of the next year. Koopman had 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding during all years; it paid dividends of 1 per share in 2020. At the end of 2020, Koopman had cash of 10,000, inventory of 24,000, other assets of 70,800, accounts payable of 4,500, and income taxes payable of 6,000. It desires to show financial statements for the current year and previous year in its 2020 annual report. Required: 1. Prepare the journal entry to reflect the change in methods at the beginning of 2020. Show supporting calculations. 2. Prepare the 2020 financial statements. Notes to the financial statements are not necessary. Show supporting calculations.arrow_forward
- Fava Company began operations in 2018 and used the LIFO inventory method for both financial reporting and income taxes. At the beginning of 2019, the anticipated cost trends in the industry had changed, so that it adopted the FIFO method for both financial reporting and income taxes. Fava reported revenues of 300,000 and 270,000 in 2019 and 2018, respectively. Fava reported expenses (excluding income tax expense) of 125,000 and 120,000 in 2019 and 2018, which included cost of goods sold of 55,000 and 45,000, respectively. An analysis indicates that the FIFO cost of goods sold would have been lower by 8,000 in 2018. The tax rate is 21%. Fava has a simple capital structure with 15,000 shares of common stock outstanding during 2018 and 2019. It paid no dividends in either year. Required: 1. Prepare the journal entry to reflect the change. 2. At the end of 2019, prepare the comparative income statements for 2019 and 2018. Notes to the financial statements are not necessary. 3. At the end of 2019, prepare the comparative retained earnings statements for 2019 and 2018.arrow_forwardIn 2020, Frost Company, which began operations in 2018, decided to change from LIFO to FIFO because management believed that FIFO belter represented the flow of their inventory. Management prepared the following analysis showing the effect of this change: Frost reported net income of 2,500,000, 2,400,000, and 2,100,000 in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The tax rate is 21%. Required: 1. Prepare the journal entry necessary to record the change. 2. What amount of net income would Frost report in 2018, 2019, and 2020? 3. If Frosts employees received a bonus of 10% of income before deducting the bonus and income taxes in 2018 and 2019, what would be the effect on net income for 2018, 2019, and 2020?arrow_forwardRefer to the information provided in RE8-4. If Paul Corporations inventory at January 1, 2019, had a cost and net realizable value of 300,000, prepare the journal entry to record the reductions to NRV for Paul Corporation assuming that Paul uses a periodic inventory system and the allowance method. Paul Corporation uses FIFO and reports the following inventory information: Assuming Paul uses a perpetual inventory system and the direct method, prepare the journal entry to record the write-down of inventory.arrow_forward
- Refer to the information provided in RE8-4. If Paul Corporations inventory at January 1, 2019, had a cost and net realizable value of 300,000, prepare the journal entry to record the reductions to NRV for Paul Corporation assuming that Paul uses a periodic inventory system and the direct method. Paul Corporation uses FIFO and reports the following inventory information: Assuming Paul uses a perpetual inventory system and the direct method, prepare the journal entry to record the write-down of inventory.arrow_forwardThe following items were included in Venicio Corporations inventory account on December 31, 2019: What amount should Venicio report as inventory at December 31, 2019? a. 21,000 b. 20,400 c. 26,000 d. 35,000arrow_forwardAt the end of 2019, Manny Company recorded its ending inventory at 350,000 based on a physical count. During 2020, the company discovered that the correct inventory value at the end of 2019 should have been 400,000 because it made a counting error. Upon discovery of this error in 2020, what correcting journal entry will Manny make? Ignore income taxes.arrow_forward
- The cost of the inventory on January 31, 2019, under the FIFO method is: a. 400 b. 2,700 c. 3,100 d. 3,200arrow_forwardBerg Company began operations on January 1, 2019, and uses the FIFO method in costing its raw materials inventory. During 2020, management is contemplating a change to the LIFO method and is interested in determining what effect such a change will have on net income. Accordingly, the following information has been developed: Required: What is the effect on income before income taxes in 2020 of a change to the LIFO method?arrow_forwardIn 2021, Hopyard Lumber changed its inventory method from LIFO to FIFO. Inventory at the end of 2020 of $127,000 would have been $145,000 if FIFO had been used. Inventory at the end of 2021 is $162,000 using the new FIFO method but would have been $151,000 if the company had continued to use LIFO.What is the effect of the change on 2021 cost of goods sold? (Please state an amount followed by either higher or lower)arrow_forward
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