Biology: Life on Earth
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321729712
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 10, Problem 3FTB
The inheritance of multiple traits depends on the locations of the genes that control the traits. If the genes are on different chromosomes, then the traits are inherited__________ (as a group/independently). If the genes are located close together on a single chromosome, then the traits tend to be inherited__________ (as a group/independently).
Genes on the same chromosome are said to be___________.
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Color-blindness is a recessive disorder found on the X chromosome. There can be individuals that are carriers for
the trait (Of the two X chromosomes they have, only one has the colorblindness allele while the other is normal.
In this pattern of inheritance, all carriers are female). We express sex-linked traits with respect to our sex
chromosomes. For example, if the allele for colorblindness is "b" and the allele for normal color vision is "B",
then a female carrier is X x.
II
III
IV
6. What are the two sex chromosomes for females?
What are the two sex chromosomes for
males?
7. Is the Generation I male colorblind?
his sex chromosomes)?.
What is his genotype (be sure to express it with regard to
8. Why are all the females in Generation II carriers? (be careful: one of the females shown "married in" to the
family)
9. The first couple in Generation II has four children. Show the genotypes of their daughters. What is the
probability their daughters will be carriers?
10. If a female…
Red-green color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait. The gene is found on the X chromosome. How can a man with normal color vision father a daughter who is red-green color-blind?
Group of answer choices
The man is heterozygous for red-green color blindness.
The woman with whom he mates is red-green color-blind.
He can't (unless there is a mutation).
The man's mother carries an allele for red-green color blindness, and the expression of the trait skipped a generation.
Consider a rare disease that is X-linked recessive. A normal man is married to a normal woman with no family history of the disease. They have an affected child. What can you deduce from this? Choose the most correct option.
-The child is a carrier of the disease allele, and she is a daughter.
-The child is a carrier of the disease allele, and he is a son.
-Their child is a daughter.
-The child is likely adopted.
-Their child is a son.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
Ch. 10 - Fill-in-the-Blank The physical position of a gene...Ch. 10 - Define nondisjunction, and describe common...Ch. 10 - In certain cattle, hair color can be red...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2GPCh. 10 - In the edible pea, tall (T) is dominant to short...Ch. 10 - In tomatoes, round fruit (R) is dominant to long...Ch. 10 - In the tomatoes of Problem 4, an F1 offspring...Ch. 10 - Prob. 6GPCh. 10 - In humans, one of the genes determining color...Ch. 10 - In the couple described in Problem 7, the woman...
Ch. 10 - An organism is described as Rr, with red coloring....Ch. 10 - 2. The inheritance of multiple traits depends on...Ch. 10 - Fill-in-the-Blank Many organisms, including...Ch. 10 - 4. Genes that are present on one sex chromosome...Ch. 10 - 5. When the phenotype of heterozygotes is...Ch. 10 - 1. Define the following terms: gene, allele,...Ch. 10 - 2. Explain why genes located on the same...Ch. 10 - 3. Define polygenic inheritance. Why does...Ch. 10 - What is sex linkage? In mammals, which sex would...Ch. 10 - What is the difference between a phenotype and a...Ch. 10 - 6. In the pedigree of part (a) of Figure 11–22, do...Ch. 10 - Sometimes the term gene is used rather casually....Ch. 10 - In an alternate universe, all the genes in all...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3AC
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- In humans color vision is X-linked, the gene for color vision is located on the X chromosome but is absent on the Y chromosome. Normal color vision (XN) is dominant over colorblindness (Xn). Suppose a colorblind man fathers the children of a woman with genotype XNXN. What is the genotype of the father? What proportion of daughters will be colorblind? What proportion of the sons will be colorblind?arrow_forwardin humans, as well as with many other animals, sex is determined by special sex chromosomes. An individuai containing two X chromosomes is a female, while an individual possessing an X and Y chromosome is a male. The sex chromosomes bear alleles for traits. Sex linkage applies to genes that are located on the sex chromosomes. These genes are considered sex-linked because their expression and inheritance patterns differ between males and females. The genes present on the X chromosome are said to be X linked. Many more genes are present on the A chromosome than found on the Y chromosome. Nonetheless, those genes found on the Y chromosome are said to be Y linked. The Y chromosome is smaller than its homoloque, the X chromosome. Consequently, most of the loci present on the X chromosome are absent on the Y chromosome. 1. In humans, hemophilia is a sex linked trait. Females can be normal, carriers, or have the disease. Males will have the disease or not (but they won't be ever carriers) XH…arrow_forwardRed-green colorblindness is due to a sex-linked recessive gene. If two normal parents have a colorblind son, provide the genotypes of the parents and all the possible genotypes of their children.arrow_forward
- The mode of inheritance of the auricular hypertrichous trait in the Brown family is clearly an instance of: Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. b d recessive inheritance with the females being carriers. dominant inheritance with the males being carriers. X-linked inheritance, which is being expressed in the males since they only have one X chromosome. Y-linked inheritance, which can never be passed on to females.arrow_forwardX‑linked, recessive diseases, such as hemophilia, are extremely rare in the population. However, many women are carriers and show no sign of the disease. The pedigree illustrates the inheritance of an X‑linked, recessive disease. Determine whether the unknown individuals are affected by the disease, unaffected by the disease, or carriers of the X‑linked recessive allele. Unaffected individuals are not carriers of the X‑linked recessive allele.arrow_forwardThis pedigree (below) shows inheritance of a genetic disorder in a family. Assume the trait is rare. What is the mode of inheritance for this trait. You know this because that mode of inheritance is characterized by: • An affected male parent passes the allele to and individuals who have the allele express it and sons and of his daughters. • An affected female parent passes the allele to 588 of her daughters. of his sons of herarrow_forward
- The most common form of colorblindness is a recessive, sex-linked hereditary con dition caused by a defect on the X chromosome. Females are XX, while males are XY. Individuals inherit one chromosome from each parent, with equal probability; for example, an individual has a 50% chance of inheriting their father's X chromosome, and a 50% chance of inheriting their father's Y chromosome. If a male has an X chromosome with the defect, he is colorblind. However, a female with only one defective X chromo some will not be colorblind. Thus, colorblindness is more common in males than females; 7% of males are colorblind but only 0.5% of females are colorblind. (a) Assume that the X chromosome with the wild-type allele is X+ and the one with the disease allele is X. What is the expected frequency of each possible female genotype: X+X+, X+X¯, and X-X-? What is the expected frequency of each possible male genotype: X+ Y and X-Y? (b) Suppose that two parents are not colorblind. What is the…arrow_forwardA certain type of deafness in humans is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. A man with this type of deafness married a normal woman, and they are expecting a child. They find out that they are distantly related. Part of the family tree is shown here.How would you advise the parents about the probability of their child being a deaf boy, a deaf girl, a normal boy, or a normal girl? Be sure to state any assumptions that you make.arrow_forwardThe shape of a heliodor is an X-linked trait. Male heliodors inherit two X chromosomes, while the females inherit an X and a Y chromosome. The recessive allele codes for the common bell-shape while the dominant phenotype is a round shape . Hudson is a round male and has offspring with Heidi, a bell-shaped female. They already have one daughter, Hannah, who is shaped like her mother. If their next child is a boy, there is a _____% chance it will be round.arrow_forward
- A gene that controls the ability to see red and green is located on the X chromosome but not on the Y chromosome. There is a recessive nonfunctional allele for this gene that can cause red-green color blindness if the person possessing it does not also have the dominant normal gene. Consider the case of a carrier mother who is heterozygous for the red-green vision gene and a father who has normal vision. Use XB = normal vision, Xb = color-blind vision. What is the chance the parents would have a color-blind boy? A color-blind girl? What about a girl or boy with normal vision? Redo the Punnett square for a carrier mother (XBXb) and a color-blind father (XbY). Do the chances of having color-blind children change? How?arrow_forwardPiebaldism is a skin condition that causes an infant to be born with white birthmarks due to a genetic mutation. It is an autosomal dominant trait. A woman with piebaldism married a man without it. They have three daughters, two of whom also have piebaldism. One of their piebald daughters married a man who also has piebaldism and they have two sons with piebaldism, one son without it and one daughter with it. Draw the pedigree for this family and fill in as many of their genotypes as you can.arrow_forwardRed-green color blindness is inherited as an X-linked recessive (Xc). If a color-blind man marries a woman who is heterozygous for normal vision, what would be the expected phenotypes of their children with reference to this character? In your answer, specify in your phenotype descriptions the gender of the children. (For example, don’t just say 75% of the children would be colorblind – you would instead say 100 % of the daughters would be colorblind and 50% of the sons would be colorblind. Note that this is not a correct answer; it is just to give you an idea of how to explain the correct phenotypes of the cross.)___arrow_forward
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