The claim that increases in the growth rate of the money supply increase nominal interest rates but not real interest rates is known as the A. Friedman Effect. B. Hume Effect. C. Fisher Effect. D. inflation tax.
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- Real Interest Rate, r (percent) F G K Inflation Rate, (percent) 10. Referring to the graph above, a movement from point F to point G might represent A. H to I B. K to G C. G to J D. I to H E. K to F A. the automatic response of monetary policy to an increase in the inflation rate B. the increase in the inflation rate that occurs when the real interest rate rises C. an autonomous tightening of monetary policy D. any of the above E. none of the above 11. On the graph above, which pair of points best represents the impacts in the U. S. of autonomous easing of monetary policy at the Onset of the 2007-2013 Financial Crisis? 12. The IS curve is Y = 30 - 2r, and the aggregate demand curve is Y = 18 - T. Then, the monetary policy curve isNobel prize-winning economist Milton Friedman once had the following statement: "In- flation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon." Another Nobel prize-winning economist, Tom Sargent, had the following statement: “Persistent high inflation is always and everywhere a fiscal phenomenon." Are the two statements inconsistent with each other? Explain.Suppose the public expects a 7 percent inflation rate, while the Federal Reserve unexpectedly allows the money growth rate to be 4 percent. In the short run, we expect that investment spending by firms will and consumer durable spending will 000 decrease; decrease increase; increase decrease; increase increase; decrease
- If the federal government runs large deficits it could cause crowding out through interest rates. However, the Federal Reserve could try to keep interest rates down by increasing the growth of the monetary base. What will be the long-run result of these two policies? high inflation and high nominal interest rates low unemployment rate and low inflation high national debt and low interest rates low nominal interest rates and low unemployment rateEconomics Suppose that the income elasticity of money demand is 0.4. Nominal interest rates do not change over time. If money supply increases by 20% every year, while real income only increases by 1%, what is the inflation rate?Suppose the economy is currently in equilibrium, with unemployment equal to the natural rate, and that people form expectations rationally. If the Federal Reserve announces that it is going to decrease the money supply, then: the economy will move to a lower price level but remain at potential GDP. the economy will permanently move to a higher level of output and a higher price level. the economy will permanently move to a lower level of output and a lower price level. the economy will move to a higher GDP level but remain at a constant price level.
- Which of the following is an appropriate monetary policy to combat a negative GDP gap? a. raise income tax rates b. increase government spending c. lower real interest rates d. raise real interest ratesWhich of the following statements concerning the demand for money is false? The speculative demand for money varies directly with the level of national income. The transactions, precautionary, and speculative demands for money all vary inversely with the level of interest. The transactions demand for money is influenced by both the level of income and the interest rate.Consider the Money Demand Function. a) briefly describe the effect of an increase in Expected inflation on money demand.
- After a series of measures to remedy the mortgage crisis that has beset the US economy, Ben Bernanke, chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve and his colleagues are once again looking at cutting the central bank’s key interest rate as they hope that lowering the interest rates will give the economy a boost by encouraging investors and consumers to borrow and spend (Associated Press, n. pag.). The Fed is looking at slashing the interest rate by a full percent however, many economist believe that this is not the appropriate remedy for economic conundrum (Gavin, n. pag). According to many analysts, the issue of the economy regarding the mortgage is the lack of confidence by both the lender and the borrower. Even as the Fed resorts to drastic interest cuts, the first time the central bank has cut a full percentage point in one shot since 1982, this provides little help if lenders are not loaning money out of fear they will not be repaid and the borrowers…Explain how a sustained increase in the growth rate of the money supply (gM↑) at a particular time (t*) can lead first to the liquidity effect, then to the nominal income effect, and finally to the inflation expectations effect. Also, explain how the interest rate changes in response to each of these effects.Most central banks, like the Bank of England, set targets for their economy's inflation rate. The Bank of England has an inflation target of 3.5% per year. According to the Quantity Theory of Money, by how much must the Bank of England grow the money stock in order to hit its inflation target? The Bank of England must decrease the money stock by 3.5% per year. The Bank of England must increase the money stock by 3.5% per year. The Bank of England must decrease the money stock by 3.5% per month. The Bank of England must increase the money stock by 3.5% per month.
