Sumo wrestlers have very high adiposity, very high visceral fat, but are nevertheless metabolically healthy because of the enormous amount of daily exercise they do True O False
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- Sports drinks tend to contain large amounts of sugars, and some contain taurine in small amounts. Would you expect more of the effect of these performance aids to come from dietary carbohydrates or from the role of taurine in breaking down fats?With aerobic training, enhanced fat usage occurs is primarily due to O A. decreased protein synthesis OB. less SNS activation and increased enzymes for beta-oxidation during exercise OC. mechanical efficiency OD. altered neural controlResistance (weight) training is recommended as part of an exercise program to lose weight and maintain that weight loss. Why?
- Why is it important improve our muscular fitness?Dieters frequently fast in an attempt to reduce their weight.During these fasts, they often lose considerable muscle massrather than fat. Why is this so?In order to help prevent hypoglycemia (reduced blood glucose concentration) during exercise, skeletal muscle glycogenolysis increases, which permits for the diffusion of glucose out of the sk. muscle cell and into the bloodstream. True False
- Which is not a primary signal of aerobic exercise in skeletal muscle cells mechanical force O calcium ion O AMP levels O free radicalsWhich of the following is NOT an expected change to lactate threshold after 6-months of aerobic training?occurs an increased running speedoccurs at an increased precentage of Vo2maxoccurs at a decreased heart rate50. It is possible to double glycogen levels in skeletal muscle after carbohydrate loading, which requires one to eat roughly _________ of total kilocalorie intake from CHO. 35% 70% 55% 15%
- Endurance athletes sometimes follow the exercise-and-diet plan described here: 7 days before an event, do exhaustive exercises so as to all but deplete glycogen stores. For the next 2 to 3 days, consume few carbohydrates and do moderate- to low- intensity exercises. Finally, 3 to 4 days before the event, consume a diet rich in carbohydrates. Explain the benefits of this regime.Diabetes is a complex set of metabolic diseases with thecommon symptom of an inability to transport glucose intotarget cells (muscle cells and adipocytes). The body compensates in part by degrading muscle protein to generate energy.Explain how this process works.Since ancient times it has been observed that certain game birds, such as grouse, quail, and pheasants, are easily fatigued. The Greek historian Xenophon wrote: “The bustards . . . can be caught if one is quick in starting them up, for they will fly only a short distance, like partridges, and soon tire; and their flesh is delicious.” The flight muscles of game birds rely almost entirely on the use of glucose 1-phosphate for energy, in the form of ATP . The glucose 1-phosphate is formed by the breakdown of stored muscle glycogen, catalyzed by the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase. The rate of ATP production is limited by the rate at which glycogen can be broken down. During a “panic flight,” the game bird’s rate ofglycogen breakdown is quite high, approximately 120 mmol/min of glucose 1-phosphate produced per gram of fresh tissue. Given that the flight muscles usually contain about 0.35% glycogen by weight, calculate how long a game bird can fly. (Assume the average molecular weight of a…