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- Question 54 Electron transport and chemiosmosis (is the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient.) occur during both aerobic cell respiration and photosynthesis. What is the purpose of electron transport and chemiosmosis in both cell respiration and photosynthesis? O To create sugar molecules from oxygen gas O To create water molecules from carbon dioxide gas OTo use the energy released from slowing electrons to build ATP OTo usc he energy released from slowing electrons to create lightC Select the product of the following aldol condensation reaction. a A b B C [] d D e E A H H H B H KOH, EtOH heat OH с D EQUESTION 3 Bioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that employs the use of living organisms to remove toxic substances; such as, mercury, radioactive material, industrial waste, and the petroleum products of oil spills from the water and soil in our environment. Here is a figure that shows the bacterial degradation of the poly-aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene. In this figure showing the catabolic metabolism of naphthalene, would you predict the metabolites catechol, salicylate, and gentisate generated in this process to (select one): Proposed catabolic pathways of naphthalene by bacteria 1,2-Naphthoquinone Coumarin Catechol OH OHL 35-8-8-8-8 OH OH Naphthalene cis-1,2-Dihydroxy- 1,2-dihydronaphthalene 1,2-Dihydroxynaphthalene O COOH OH 2-Hydroxy-2H-chromene- 2-carboxylic acid cis-o-Hydroxybenzalpyruvate COOH 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde OH Gentisate COOH
- In the elimination-addition mechanism for phosphate group transfer reactions, the intermediate would best be described as? concerted O tetravalent phosphorous pentavalent phosphorous carbocationIn the biosynthesis of heme, ring cyclization, isomerization, and decarboxylation reactions take place. Identify the potential intermediates and show the electron flow in the following diagram. HO,C R1 HO2C- -R2 NH HN- но- NH HN- HO2C R R2 unstable intermediate Uro'gen II HO2C Me Me NH HN- -CO2H HN NH Me Me HO2C CO2H Coproporphyrinogen IIWhich of the compounds shown below exhibit a high negative free energy of hydrolysis equal to or larger than the free energy of hydrolysis for the phosphoanhydride of ATP? (Choose all that apply) В Α HPΗ Ho HO HO H2N-CH-C CH2 H2N-CH-C CH2 CH2 H2N-CH-Ö CH2 C CH2 D E O A O B O E O=p-00 O=p-00 O=-00 O=0-00 O=L-00
- In the reaction shown above, Acetaldehyde is being. direction of the reaction as indicated by the arrows) to form Ethanol. (note the 2 NAD* 2 NADH H H Н-С—ОН c=0 CH3 ČH3 2 Ethanol 2 Acetylaldehyde O Hydrolyzed O Condensed Reduced O OxidizedThe following chemical reactants produce the ester ethyl ethanoate (C4H8O2): C2H6O + CH3COOH What type of reaction occurs to make ethyl ethanoate? condensation hydrolysis combustion acid-base reactionSome diazotrophs produce a vanadium-containing VFe protein in addition to the MoFe protein. The vanadium-containing nitrogenase converts N2 to NH3 and also converts CO to compounds such as ethane and propane. What aspect of the standard nitrogenase reaction is responsible for the production of alkanes?
- Aerobic degradation of an organic compound by mixed cultureof organism in wastewater can be represented by following reaction. C3H6O3 + a O2 + b NH3 → c C5H7NO2 + d H2o + e CO2 A. Determine a, b, c, d and e, if YX/S = 0.4 d X/g S. B. Determine the yield coefficients YX/O2 and YX/NH3. C. Determine the degree of reductions for the substrate, bacteria and RQ for the organisms1. (a) write, using structural formulas, the sequence of TCA cycle intermediates. Indicate the position of the 14C atom in each intermediate. Do not name enzymes or cofactors catalyzing the reactions. Starting with citrate formed immediately after reaction of [2-14C]acetyl-SCOA with OAA,Certain microorganisms with a modified citric acid cycle decarboxylate α-ketoglutarate to produce succinate semialdehyde:
