A 55-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician with a 2-day history of oozing, foul-smelling wound on her foot. Physical examination shows a 4-cm, necrotizing wound on the heel with purplish black discoloration of the skin around the wound, and crepitant bullae producing thin, serous fluid. A Gram stain of tissue biopsy from the site shows gram-positive rods. Which of the following toxins is produced by the most likely causal organism? Answers A-E Alpha toxin B Endotoxin C Exfoliative toxin D Exotoxin A E Panton Valentine toxin
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- A 55-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician with a 2-day history of oozing, foul-smelling wound on her foot. Physical examination shows a 4-cm, necrotizing wound on the heel with purplish black discoloration of the skin around the wound, and crepitant bullae producing thin, serous fluid. A Gram stain of tissue biopsy from the site shows gram-positive rods. Which of the following toxins is produced by the most likely causal organism? Answers A-E A Alpha toxin B Endotoxin C D E Exfoliative toxin Exotoxin A Panton Valentine toxin O O 9: O7-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician with lesions under his lips as shown in the attached image. Parents report that the lesions developed over the course of a week. On physical examination, his temperature is 37°C, pulse rate is 80/min, blood pressure is 110/80 mmHg, and respiratory rate is 20/min. A culture of the sample from the lesion yields Gram-positive, catalase-negative, cocci. Which of the following is the most likely pathogen? Answers A - E A Candida albicans B Coxsackie A virus C Herpes simplex 1 D Staphylococcus aureus E Streptococcus pyogenes O O O O Question # 33 attachment CLOSE TOOLKIT Q5 years old child came to emergency complaining of headache and fever (39.4°C). On examination, he has Confusion, difficulty in wake, Neck stiffness. sample sent to lab for further investigations. Gram stain show Gram-positive, spherical bacteria, alpha-hemolytic What do you think about the causative agent?
- 42-year-old presents to the clinic with chronic, debilitating, and bloody diarrhea. He says it began not long after returning from a camping trip. He admits to drinking water from a stream without using a filter or boiling it. You perform (Giardia Stool Antigen) test which comes back negative. What is his likely diagnosis? Trichomonas vaginalis Entamoeba histolytica O Toxoplasma gondii Plasmodium falciparumA 25 year old man seeks medical help after a period of diarrhea and abdominal cramping for the past month. The diarrhea is watery, but occasionally contains mucus and blood. On examination, his temperature is 37 degrees. On further questioning, he admits that he had eaten at a road restaurant a month ago. His HIV antibody test is negative. What you suspected the infection will be? Entamoeba histolytica Echinococcus granulosus Giardia lamblia Ancylostoma duodenaleDISEASE PATHOGEN SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT 1. Bacterial Vaginosis 2. Trichomoniasis
- "Presence of lactobacillus species, alpha-streptococci, dna diphtheroids in cultured urine specimen suggests" contaminated sample possible infection significant bacteriuria bladder infectionDISEASE PATHOGEN SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT 1. Candidiasis 2. Bacterial Vaginosis 3. Trichomoniasis5 years old child came to emergency complaining of headache and fever (39.4°C). On examination, he has Confusion, difficulty in wake, Neck stiffness. sample sent to lab for further investigations. Gram stain show Gram-positive, spherical bacteria, alpha-hemolytic What are the tests to be done to complete identification?
- A 56-year-old man complained of progressive fatigue and malaise. His physical examination was generally satisfactory, with a pulse of 90 beats per minute, and multiple lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly. No bacteria were found in cerebrospinal fluid smears of lumbar puncture, but a flagellum, elongated nucleus with blue and red cytoplasm were found in the blood by Giemsa staining of thin blood smears. The family reported that the patient had been engaged in transportation business in Africa for many years. 1. What do you think is the most likely disease for this patient? Malaria Dengue fever African sleeping disease Toxoplasma encephalitis Bacterial meningitis 2. What do you think is the most likely pathogen for this patient? Plasmodium vivax Toxoplasma gondii Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium malariae Trypanosoma brucei gambiense 3. What do you think is the most direct basis for the diagnosis of the pathogen? From Africa Fatigue Hepatomegaly Special structure was found on blood…A 52-year-old woman presents with a localized swelling and purulent abscess in her right hand and enlarged lymph nodes in her axial region (under the armpit). She sustained a small puncture wound while replanting rose bushes 1 week earlier. She has repeatedly cleaned and dressed the wound with antibiotic treatment with no success. The physician collects an aspirate from the abscess, Gram stain reveals Gram-positive cocci in clusters. Laboratory data follow: Catalase: Positive Coagulase: Latex positive What culture media would be appropriate for culture and identification of the suspected isolate? Why?A 52-year-old woman presents with a localized swelling and purulent abscess in her right hand and enlarged lymph nodes in her axial region (under the armpit). She sustained a small puncture wound while replanting rose bushes 1 week earlier. She has repeatedly cleaned and dressed the wound with antibiotic treatment with no success. The physician collects an aspirate from the abscess, Gram stain reveals Gram-positive cocci in clusters. Laboratory data follow: Catalase: Positive Coagulase: Latex positive What culture media would be appropriate for culture and identification of the suspected isolate? Why? BBL, MSA What antibiotics would be used to treat this infection? Could there be any treatment problems with this isolate?