MARINE BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259880032
Author: CASTRO
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 1, Problem 4CT
Many species of whale have been hunted to the brink of extinction. Many people think that we do not have the right to kill whales and that all whaling should cease. On the other hand, in many cultures whales have been hunted for centuries and still have great cultural importance. People from such cultures argue that limited whaling should be allowed to continue. What is the role that science can play in deciding who is right? What questions cannot be answered by science?
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Animal research is a necessary practice in the
world of medical research, allowing scientists to
develop life-saving interventions and to spot
catastrophic problems before new techniques or
products make their way to actual patients.
However, this does not mean that we should
deny that there are serious ethical issues
involved.
Animal testing is not a pretty or pleasant process.
It causes pain and suffering to animal subjects,
and legitimate cases of abuse have been
uncovered by animal rights groups.
Consequently, the practice should be tightly
regulated, and alternative methods should be
employed whenever possible.
• Discuss a specific research study involving
animals that had ethical issues.
• What were the ethical issues involved?
• What could have been done to conduct the
research study differently to avoid these
ethical issues?
According to U.S. law, after a certain number of years experimental chimpanzees
should:
Be sent to a zoo.
Not be bred.
Be sent to a retirement facility.
Be euthanized without any pain.
Be sent to back to the forest of Africa because they are an endangered species.
Which of the following is an example of a limitation on adaptation through natural selection?
In a population of bacteria exposed to an antibiotic, there may be no individual with a resistance gene on which
selection can act.
O Bacteria reproduce very rapidly.
Natural selection can only work to improve a species in the longer term and would not allow selection of
something that would only have a short-term benefit.
Mutations are very rare.
Most animal populations have little genetic variation on which selection can act.
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- The domestication or breeding of animals to have as pets, livestock on farms, or for work purposes is a form of artificial selection. Charles Darwin used these practices to support his theory of species change by natural selection. How is artificial selection similar to natural selection? When animals with favorable traits are bred with animals with unfavorable traits, the offspring will have favorable traits, so breeders were changing species by removing certain traits. For artificial selection to work, only the strong survive to reproduce. By breeding animals with specific traits, breeders were able to produce a wide variety of breeds within a short period of time. Artificial selection involves breeding two different species and determining if a hybrid organism can be produced.arrow_forwardIn the study of human nature, what is the meaning of the acronym WEIRD? People who are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic are the most cooperative people in the world. O People who are White, Elderly, Informed, Rich and Dead (like Marx, Darwin, and Kropotkin) have been among the most influential authors on the topic of human cooperation. O People who are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and from Democratic countries are NOT representative of all humanity, yet they are oversampled in studies of human behavior. People who are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and from Democratic countries hold most of the political power in the world, and so they are the least cooperative people.arrow_forwardCan science ever replace religion, or vice versa? How do people reconcile religious and scientific explanations? Are scientific and religious explanations philosophically incompatible? What kind of biases do people have about scientists? Why is there so much antagonism in media dialogues between believers and atheists?arrow_forward
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