La) Lesle Bonm; (b) Anthony Grifmitris. Human sex chromosomes Pseudoautosomal region 1 Maleness gene SRY - - Centromere- Differential Differential region of the x (X-linked genes) region of the Y (Y-linked genes) FIGURE 2-15 Human sex chromosomes contain a differential region and two pairing regions. The regions were located by observing where the chromosomes paired up in meiosis and where they did not. Pseudoautosomal region 2 Y

La) Lesle Bonm; (b) Anthony Grifmitris. Human sex chromosomes Pseudoautosomal region 1 Maleness gene SRY - - Centromere- Differential Differential region of the x (X-linked genes) region of the Y (Y-linked genes) FIGURE 2-15 Human sex chromosomes contain a differential region and two pairing regions. The regions were located by observing where the chromosomes paired up in meiosis and where they did not. Pseudoautosomal region 2 Y

Name: If you assume Figure 2-15 also applies to mice and youirradiate male s
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Description: If you assume Figure 2-15 also applies to mice and youirradiate male sperm with X rays (known to inactivategenes), what phenotype would you look for in progeny inorder to find cases of individuals with an inactivated SRYgene? La) Lesle Bonm; (b) Anth

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter4: Pedigree Analysis In Human Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15QP: Analysis of X-Linked Dominant and Recessive Traits The X and Y chromosomes are structurally and...

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8.18 Irradiatioh of Drosophila sperm produces transloca- tions between the X chromosome and autosomes, between the Y chromosome and autosomes, and between different autosomes. Translotations between the X and Y chromosomes are not produced. Explain the absence of X-Y translocations. The birth of this child prompted the Dentons' physician to order a chromosome study of parents and child. The results of the study are shown in the accompanying fig- ure. Chromosome banding was done, and all chromo- somes were normal in these individuals, except some copies of number 6 and number 12. The number-6 and number-12 chromosomes of mother, father, and child are shown in the figure (the number 6 chromosomes are the larger pair): Child Mrs. Denton Mr. Denton a. Does either parent have an abnormal karyotype? If so, which parent has it, and what is the nature of the abnormality? b. How did the child's karyotype arise? (What pairing and segregation events took place in the parents?) e. Why is the child…
A male Drosophila from a wild-type stock is discovered to haveonly seven chromosomes, whereas normally 2n = 8. Closeexamination reveals that one member of chromosome IV (thesmallest chromosome) is attached to (translocated to) the distalend of chromosome II and is missing its centromere, thusaccounting for the reduction in chromosome number. (a) Diagram all members of chromosomes II and IV duringsynapsis in meiosis I.
X chromosome inactivation in a diploid XX female is not completely inactivated, explain?
of der(X) der(22) 22 der(X) 22 der(X) 22 First row is mother, second row is first daughter, third row is second daughter. Phenotype in first daughter was much more severe than second daughter. Give best explanation: O Inactivation in second daughter spread to the extra chromosome 22 segment O Having 45 chromosomes always gives a more severe phenotype than 46 chromosomes Pattern of inactivation in other tissues, including brain might differ, giving functional 22q monosomy O The presence of the third X in the second daughter decreases effect of genetic abnormality O irst daughter has a Turner-like syndrome, which explains severity --------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------. ------------- ------------ OO ix
Cat fur coat color genetics is interesting. Orange fur is dominant (''B'') to black fur (''b'') and piebald, which is white spotting, is dominant (''S'') to non-white-spotted (''s''). Both of those genes are located on the X chromosome. In addition, in cats, somatic cells exhibit X-inactivation randomly, which explains why there are tortoiseshell cats (when heterozygous, have orange and black spots) as well as calico cats (orange and black but also with white spots). An orange and white spotted male is mated with a tortoiseshell female. Draw a dihybrid Punnet square to show the possible offspring:
Cat fur coat color genetics is interesting. Orange fur is dominant (''B'') to black fur (''b'') and piebald, which is white spotting, is dominant (''S'') to non-white-spotted (''s''). Both of those genes are located on the X chromosome. In addition, in cats, somatic cells exhibit X-inactivation randomly, which explains why there are tortoiseshell cats (when heterozygous, have orange and black spots) as well as calico cats (orange and black but also with white spots). An orange and white spotted male is mated with a tortoiseshell female. State the genotype of the male and the female.
A Drosophila male is heterozygous for a reciprocaltranslocation between an autosome and the Y chromosome. The part of the autosome now present onthe Y chromosome contains the dominant mutationLyra (shortened wings); the other (normal) copyof the same autosome is Lyra+. This male is nowmated with a true-breeding, wild-type female. Whatkinds of progeny would be obtained, and in whatproportions?
A colleague e-mails you saying that she has identified an interesting chromosome variation at 21q13. In discussing this discovery with a friend who is not a cytogeneticist, explain how you would describe this location, defining each term in the chromosome address 21q13.
Analysis of X-Linked Dominant and Recessive Traits The X and Y chromosomes are structurally and genetically distinct. However, they do pair during meiosis at a small region near the tips of their short arms, indicating that the chromosomes are homologous in this region. If a gene lies in this region, will its pattern of transmission be more like that of a sex-linked gene or an autosomal gene? Why?
Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in Males and Females Males have only one X chromosome and therefore only one copy of all genes on the X chromosome. Each gene is directly expressed, thus providing the basis of hemizygosity in males. Females have two X chromosomes, but one is always inactivated. Therefore, females, like males, have only one functional copy of all the genes on the X chromosome. Again, each gene must be directly expressed. Why, then, are females not considered hemizygous, and why are they not afflicted with sex-linked recessive diseases as often as males are?
Analysis of X-Linked Dominant and Recessive Traits Suppose a couple, both phenotypically normal, have two children: one unaffected daughter and one son affected with a genetic disorder. The phenotype ratio is 1:1, making it difficult to determine whether the trait is autosomal or X-linked. With your knowledge of genetics, what are the genotypes of the parents and children in the autosomal case? In the X-linked case?
Mutations Can Uncouple chromosomal Sex from Phenotypic Sex Discuss whether the following individuals (1) have male or female gonads, (2) are phenotypically male or female (discuss Wolffian/Mllerian ducts and external genitalia), and (3) are sterile or fertile. a. XY, homozygous for a recessive mutation in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway, producing no testosterone b. XX, heterozygous for a dominant mutation in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway, which causes continuous production of testosterone c. XY, heterozygous for a recessive mutation in the MIH gene d. XY, homozygous fora recessive mutation in the SRY gene that abolishes function