Astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless. This means that a clever method of measuring the mass of astronauts is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses, and adjust their diet. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 50.0 N is exerted, and an astronaut’s acceleration is measured to be 0.89 3 m/s 2 . (a) Calculate her mass. (b) By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which she orbits experiences an equal and opposite force. Use this knowledge to find an equation for the acceleration of the system (astronaut and spaceship) that would be measured by a nearby observer. (c) Discuss how this would affect the measurement of the astronaut’s acceleration. Propose a method by which recoil of the vehicle is avoided.
Astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless. This means that a clever method of measuring the mass of astronauts is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses, and adjust their diet. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 50.0 N is exerted, and an astronaut’s acceleration is measured to be 0.89 3 m/s 2 . (a) Calculate her mass. (b) By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which she orbits experiences an equal and opposite force. Use this knowledge to find an equation for the acceleration of the system (astronaut and spaceship) that would be measured by a nearby observer. (c) Discuss how this would affect the measurement of the astronaut’s acceleration. Propose a method by which recoil of the vehicle is avoided.
Astronauts in orbit are apparently weightless. This means that a clever method of measuring the mass of astronauts is needed to monitor their mass gains or losses, and adjust their diet. One way to do this is to exert a known force on an astronaut and measure the acceleration produced. Suppose a net external force of 50.0 N is exerted, and an astronaut’s acceleration is measured to be
0.89
3 m/s
2
. (a) Calculate her mass. (b) By exerting a force on the astronaut, the vehicle in which she orbits experiences an equal and opposite force. Use this knowledge to find an equation for the acceleration of the system (astronaut and spaceship) that would be measured by a nearby observer. (c) Discuss how this would affect the measurement of the astronaut’s acceleration. Propose a method by which recoil of the vehicle is avoided.
A 3 kg object has a velocity of 3i m/sat one
instant. 8 seconds later, its velocity is (5i + 7j)
m/s. Assuming the object was subject to a
constant Net Force, (a) find the components of
the force as well as (b) its magnitude?
Suppose the mass of a fully loaded module in which astronauts take off from the Moon is 12,100 kg. The thrust of its engines is 33,500 N. (Assume that the gravitational acceleration on
the Moon is 1.67 m/s2.)
(a) Calculate its magnitude of acceleration in a vertical takeoff from the Moon.
m/s2
(b) Could it lift off from Earth? If not, why not?
O No, the thrust of the module's engines is less than its weight on Earth.
O No, the thrust of the module's engines is equal to its weight on Earth.
O Yes, the thrust of the module's engines is greater than its weight on Earth.
O Yes, the thrust of the module's engines is equal to its weight on Earth.
If it could, calculate the magnitude of its acceleration. (If not, enter NONE.)
m/s2
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A “doomsday” asteroid with a mass of 1.0x1010 kg is hurtling through space. Unless the asteroid’s speed is changed by about 0.20 cm/s it will collide with Earth and cause tremendous damage. Researchers suggest that a small “space tug” sent to the asteroid’s surface could exert a gentle constant force of 2.5 N. For how long must this force act?
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