Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 48, Problem 13TYU
Summary Introduction
To develop: A hypothesis to explain why glucose is normally present in glomerular filtrate not in urine while in persons with diabetes mellitus have glucose in their urine as well as increased urine output.
Introduction: The kidney is an important organ of the excretory system and nephron is the basic structural unit of the kidney. As blood passes through the kidneys, it filters the nitrogenous waste to form urine. The processes include glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. It maintains the homeostasis of the body.
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The image for activity below reinforces the location of glucose transports within the epithelial cells forming the wall of the
Choose from the following:
(A) Bowman's capsule
(B) glomerular capillaries
(C) proximal convoluted tubule
(D) nephron loop
(E) distal convoluted tubule
(F) collecting duct
The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is filtered into the Bowman’s capsule and secreted via transport proteins in the renal tubules, but it is NOT reabsorbed. The lines on the following graph represent filtration, secretion and excretion rates of this drug at various plasma concentrations.
For the three lines shown (labeled A-C) identify which line represents filtration, which line represents secretion, and which line represents excretion
Explain how you determined this.
1 Name three hormones involved in controlling the
level of glucose in the blood and state the effect of
each on the level of glucose.
100
Figure 2 shows the relative concentrations of three
substances in the filtrate as it passes along the
nephron. (NB the scale is not linear.)
urea
20
2 Urea is a waste product of the body that is
removed by the kidneys. The quantity of urea in
the filtrate entering the nephron does not change
significantly as the filtrate passes along the
nephron. Explain why the level of urea shown in
Figure 2 rises considerably as the filtrate passes
along the nephron.
3 Suggest the name of substance A and explain the
5.0
1.0
Substance
A
0.2-
0.05
reasons for your answer.
4 Suggest the name of substance B and explain the
Substance
reasons for your answer.
0.01
5 One symptom of diabetes is dehydration. From
your knowledge of how water is reabsorbed in the
collecting ducts, explain why diabetes might cause
dehydration.
Proximal
convoluted
tubule
Loop
of
Henle
Distal…
Chapter 48 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.1 - How does osmoregulation contribute to homeostasis?Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.2 - What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.3 - Compare the structure and function of...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.4 - Relate the function of the vertebrate kidney to...
Ch. 48.4 - Compare adaptations for osmoregulation in...Ch. 48.4 - What type of osmoregulatory challenge is faced by...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 48.5 - Describe (and label on a diagram) the structures...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 48 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 48 - Test Your Understanding 3 To compensate for fluid...Ch. 48 - The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a)...Ch. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 8 Which is not true of...Ch. 48 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 48 - Arrange the following structures into an accurate...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 12 VISUALIZE Label the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 48 - EVOLUTION LINK The number of protonephridia in a...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 16 EVOLUTION LINK The...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 17 EVOLUTION LINK Although...Ch. 48 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with...
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