(a)
To determine: The transition state for the rate-limiting step of each of the given reactions.
Interpretation: The transition state for the rate limiting step for each of the given reactions is to drawn.
Concept introduction: The
(b)
To determine: The relative rates of abstraction per hydrogen and deuterium in the chlorination of deuterioethane.
Interpretation: The relative rates of abstraction per hydrogen and deuterium in the chlorination of deuterioethane is to be calculated.
Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination. The initiation step occurs in the presence of light. The quantum yield of chain reactions is very high.
(c)
To determine: The reason as to why one of the reactions has much larger isotope effect than the other.
Interpretation: The reason as to why one of the reactions has much larger isotope effect than the other is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The chemical reaction which proceeds through the formation of radicals is known as chain reaction. It involves three steps, initiation, propagation and termination. The initiation step occurs in the presence of light. The
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- (a) Select all of the correct statements about reaction rates from the choices below. The lower the rate of a reaction the longer it takes to reach completion. The fastest step in a reaction is called the rate-determining step. As a reaction progresses its rate goes up. The rate of a reaction is independent of temperature. As a reaction progresses its rate goes down. Reactions involving very unstable combinations of chemicals have small rate constants. Reaction rates decrease with increasing temperature.arrow_forwardCleavage of C2H6 to produce two CH3· radicals is a gas-phase reaction that occurs at 700 °C. This reaction is first order, with k = 5.46 × 10−4 s−1. Write down the chemical equation for the cleavage reaction and the rate equations. How long will it take for the reaction to go to 15% completion? Show your workings.arrow_forwardCalculate the energy change of the following reaction: 2NO + O2→ 2NO2 ΔH: NO = 90.0 kJ/mol NO2= 34.0 kJ/mol O2= 0.0 kJ/mol a -180 kJ b -112 kJ c 35.0 kJ d -248 kJarrow_forward
- Draw the appropriate fishhook arrows for the following reaction, and label each step with one of the following (homolytic bond cleavage, addition to a pi bond, hydrogen abstraction, halogen abstraction, elimination, coupling): ·Br: Н— Вг -Br Br -Br ·Br:arrow_forward23. Which response below is not an example of how the nature of reactants affects the rate of reaction? O Graphite burns faster than diamond under equal conditions. O Coal dust burns faster than large chunks of coal. O Magnesium reacts faster in higher concentrations of HCI solution. O Calcium reacts faster in water than magnesium. White phosphorus reacts explosively on contact with air; red phosphorus does not.arrow_forward(a) Select all of the correct statements about reaction rates from the choices below. The lower the rate of a reaction the longer it takes to reach completion. The fastest step in a reaction is called the rate-determining step. As a reaction progresses its rate goes up. The rate of a reaction is independent of temperature. As a reaction progresses its rate goes down. Reactions involving very unstable combinations of chemicals have small rate constants. O Reaction rates decrease with increasing temperature. xarrow_forward
- What type of bond cleavage takes place in/what type of intermediate is produced in the following reaction? COH2 H,0arrow_forward(Q93) Which of the following best describes how a catalyst speeds up the rate of a reaction? O By decreasing the activation energy required to form the transition state O By decreasing the enthalpy difference between products and reactants O By removing the transition state Through acting as a supplemental reaction substrate O By ensuring that the reactant molecules do not collidearrow_forwardThe data below show the concentration of N2O5 versus time for the following reaction: N2O5 (g) → NO3 (g) + NO2(g) Time (s) [N2O5] (M) 1.000 25 0.822 50 0.677 75 0.557 100 0.458 125 0.377 150 0.310 175 0.255 200 0.210arrow_forward
- Describe the reaction to form the catalyst L-prolinamide. (reaction is added below) .arrow_forwardWhen the following reactions are carried out under the same conditions, the rate constant for the first reaction (kH) is found to be 7 times greater than the rate constant for the second reaction (kD). What does that tell you about the mechanism of the reaction? (Hint: a C- D bond is 1.2 kcal/mol stronger than a C—H bond.)arrow_forwardN-benzylethanamide Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds), Atoms, and Adv toolbars. The single bond is active by default. DC H 12D EXP. CONT. Gl · [1] A ZI CH3 H с N S CI Br I P Farrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning