Practical Management Science
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337406659
Author: WINSTON, Wayne L.
Publisher: Cengage,
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Chapter 3.8, Problem 22P
Summary Introduction
To modify: The spreadsheet model with the new assumption.
Introduction: In linear programming, the unbounded solution would occur when the objective function is infinite. If no solution satisfied the constraints, then it is said to be an unfeasible solution.
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6. Ah Seng Coffeeshop needs to decide in November 2021 how many Chinese New Year cups to
order to sell at his coffeeshop. Because the cups are specially made for the year 2022 (year of the
tiger), those that are unsold by end of February 2022 are considered a loss. These specially-
designed cups sell for $23.95 and cost $6.75 each. Ah Seng is uncertain of the demand. He believes
that there is a 25% chance that they will sell 10,000 cups, a 50% chance that they will sell 15,000
and a 25% chance that they will sell 20,000.
a) Construct decision tree and cumulative risk profiles for the problem above using Precision Tree
b) Now, assume that any unsold cups are discounted and can be sold for $5 after February 2022.
How does this affect the decision?
The table below provides demand data for 6 weeks (weeks 31-36 for the current year) for one product. Inventory is managed with a periodic review system where T = 5 weeks and M = 280. The previous order was for 120 units at the end of week 28. The lead time is a constant 4 weeks. At the beginning of week 31 the inventory level is 130 units. Orders are made at the end of a week.
1. When is the next order? end of week __________
2. How large is the next order? ___________
Week
Demand
Inventory
31
30
32
40
33
45
34
30
35
30
36
30
Forrest and Dan make boxes of chocolates for which the demand is uncertain. Forrest says, “That’s life.” On the other hand, Dan believes that some demand patterns exist that could be useful for planning the purchase of sugar, chocolate, and shrimp. Forrest insists on placing a surprise chocolatecovered shrimp in some boxes so that “You never know what you’ll get.” Quarterly demand (in boxes of chocolates) for the last 3 years follows:
Quarter
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
1
2
3
4
3,000
1,700
900
4,400
3,300
2,100
1,500
5,100
3,502
2,448
1,768
5,882
Total
10,000
12,000
13,600
a. Use intuition and judgment to estimate quarterly demand for the fourth year.b. If the expected sales for chocolates are 14,800 cases for year 4, use the multiplicative seasonal method to prepare a forecast for each quarter of the year. Are any of the quarterly forecasts different from what you thought you would get in part (a)?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Practical Management Science
Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 1PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 3PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 4PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 5PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 6PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 7PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 8PCh. 3.6 - Prob. 9PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 11PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 13PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 14PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 15PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 16PCh. 3.7 - Prob. 17PCh. 3.8 - The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin...Ch. 3.8 - The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin...Ch. 3.8 - The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 21PCh. 3.8 - Prob. 22PCh. 3.8 - Prob. 23PCh. 3.8 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3 - Prob. 27PCh. 3 - Prob. 28PCh. 3 - Prob. 29PCh. 3 - Prob. 30PCh. 3 - Prob. 31PCh. 3 - Prob. 32PCh. 3 - Prob. 33PCh. 3 - Prob. 34PCh. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Prob. 36PCh. 3 - Prob. 37PCh. 3 - Prob. 38PCh. 3 - Prob. 39PCh. 3 - Prob. 40PCh. 3 - Prob. 41PCh. 3 - Prob. 42PCh. 3 - Prob. 43PCh. 3 - Prob. 44PCh. 3 - Prob. 45PCh. 3 - Prob. 46PCh. 3 - Prob. 47PCh. 3 - Prob. 48PCh. 3 - Prob. 49PCh. 3 - Prob. 50PCh. 3 - Prob. 51PCh. 3 - Prob. 52PCh. 3 - Prob. 1C
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- XYZ is a multinational corporation based in the US. Its manufacturing facilities arelocated in Pittsburgh and hence its labor and manufacturing costs are incurred in USdollars (USD). A large fraction of its sales, however, are made to German customers whopay for the goods in Deutschemarks (GDM). There is a six-month lead time between theplacement of a customer order and delivery of the product. XYZ's cost of production is80% of the sale price. Suppose XYZ receives a $1MM GDM order and that the currentUSD/GDM exchange rate is 0.60 (i.e. 1 GDM = 0.60 USD). The cost of production of thisorder is $480,000 (0.60 x $1MM x 0.80). The exchange rate six months from now is, ofcourse, uncertain in which case XYZ is exposed to exchange rate risk.RequiredExplain how the company can use forward contract for hedging purposesarrow_forwardWhy does the fixed-period model have to cover the time period of T + L, while the fixed-order quantity model must cover only the time period L?arrow_forwardA manager receives a forecast for next year. Demand is projected to be 600 units for the first half of the year and 920 units for the second half. The monthly holding cost is $2 per unit, and it costs an estimated $55 to process an order. a.Assuming that monthly demand will be level during each of the six-month periods covered by the forecast (e.g., 100 per month for each of the first six months), determine an order size that will minimize the sum of ordering and carrying costs for each of the six-month periods. (Round your answers to the nearest whole number.) Period Order Size 1 – 6 months?_____units 7 – 12 months?_____units b.If the vendor is willing to offer a discount of $10 per order for ordering in multiples of 50 units (e.g., 50, 100, 150), would you advise the manager to take advantage of the offer in either period? If so, what order size would you recommend? (Round intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) Period Order Size 1 – 6 months?____ units 7 – 12 months?____…arrow_forward
- The annual demand for an item is 10,000 units. The cost to process an order is $75 and the annual inventory holding cost is 20% of item cost. What is the optimal order quantity, given the following price breaks for purchasing the item? What price should the firm pay per unit? What is the total annual cost at the optimal behavior? Quantity Price 1 – 9 $2.95 per unit 10 – 999 $2.50 per unit 1,000 – 4,999 $2.30 per unit 5,000 or more $1.85 per unitarrow_forwardProblem 6 Part A:Available to promise in period 4 = 50Problem 6 Part B:PAB in period 7 = 35 In part A, the only thing that you need to do is to calculate the ATP in periods 1,4,5, and 7. In part B, remember that you are rolling through time. The part B solution spreadsheet starts with time period 2 and period 1 is now history. For the part B, you must capture all of the events that occurred during week 1. For example, I gave you that the beginning PAB is 45. If you had 20 in stock (from part A), you produced 50 as planned in period 1, and the actual demand for period 1 was 25, then the beginning PAB (your stock quantity) is 20+50-25=45. The forecast and MPS quantities will not change from part A to part B. After you accept each of the orders (simply add the new order quantities to the existing customer order quantities in the correct time bucket), you will then recalculate the PAB, and then recalculate the ATP.arrow_forwardUsha Handling Company is currently faced with an inventory rotation problem. Thisdifficulty stems from the fact that some supplies must be used prior to a stated expiration date.Upon receipt, a new shipment of these perishable items must be stacked beneath the boxes that are currently in inventory. A substantial amount of time is consumed in restacking the items according to their expiration dates. The company would like to reduce the double and sometimes triple handling of items. How can this goal be achieved? Are there alternative solutions which might also be effective?arrow_forward
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