Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 34, Problem 5TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Cone pigments are visual opsins that are found in vertebrate cone cells. They are photoreceptor molecules that are responsible for photopic vision that means presence of different types of cone pigments enables color vision.
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key function of rod photoreceptors is to:
detect colors
detect fine details in the visual field.
detect light under low levels of illumination.
detect light under high levels of illumination.
During phototransduction, transducin activates phosphodiesterase (PDE) that
converts:
GTP to GDP
CGMP to GMP
retinal cis to retinal trans
retinal trans to retinal cis
Place the following into the correct order to represent the bleaching and regeneration of rhodopsin.
Opsin and cis-retinal
enzymatically combine
to regenerate rhodopsin
Trans-retinal is
enzymatically converted
back to cis-retinal
Cis-retinal isomerizes
to trans-retinal
Trans-retinal
separates from
opsin
Opsin triggers
reaction cascade that
breaks down cGMP
Rhodopsin
absorbs photon of
light
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How are Ca2+ channels involved in phototransduction?
they cause neurotransmitter release even if no action potentials are produced
are not affected by PDE activation in the outer segments
when open, they lead to hyperpolarization in photoreceptors
in darkness, they do not rely on CGMP levels
The density of cones in the retina:
is highest where cone outer segments increase in diameter
is lowest where retinal blood vessels are absent
is drastically less than that of rods in the fovea
is indicative of what areas are associated with acuity
The recycling of rhodopsin.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 34.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2BCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 34.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYCh. 34 - The sensory receptors for audition (hearing) are...Ch. 34 - In an experiment to test the function of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5TYCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYCh. 34 - Which is true? A loss of taste buds would reduce a...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10TYCh. 34 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 34 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 34 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 34 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 34 - Prob. 2CBQ
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