Anatomy & Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259398629
Author: McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher: Mcgraw Hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 19DYB
Identify all of the following that are functions of the kidney:
(a) maintain blood pH; (b) regulate blood ion concentrations: (c) regulate blood volume and blood pressure; (d) eliminate wastes, some hormones, and certain drugs from the blood; (e) release renin; (f) release erythropoietin; and (g) stimulate the final step in calcitriol formation.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements is false regarding aging?
a) Decreased ability to contribute to vitamin D synthesis, leading to Ca2 + deficiency and bone fractures.
b) Numbers of glomeruli decrease and hence the ability to secrete and reabsorb.
c) Gradually increasing size of the kidneys
d) The ability to concentrate urine decreases and the kidneys respond to memories of ADH and aldosterone.
Which of these is not a function of the kidneys?
A) The kidneys regulate the plasma volume
B) The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure
C) The kidneys help control the rate of red blood cell production
D) The kidneys deactivate vitamin D and stimulate the activity of osteoclasts
Renin:
A) Is released by the adrenal gland in response to low blood pressure
B) Is released by the thyroid gland in response to low serum calcium
C) None of these answers is correct
D) Is released by the juxtaglomerular apparatus cells in response to decreased cellular stretch indicating low blood pressure
E) Is released by the juxtaglomerular apparatus cells in response to increased blood oxygen levels
Chapter 24 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.1 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
1 Which of the following would...Ch. 24.1 - Which structure of the urinary system forms urine,...Ch. 24.1 - What are the two means by which the kidney helps...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 24.2 - What tissue composes the fibrous capsule that...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 24.2 - What are the regions of the kidney that drain...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 7LOCh. 24.2 - What three anatomic structures of the kidney are...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 24.3 - What two structures compose the renal corpuscle?...Ch. 24.3 - What is the order of the components of a renal...Ch. 24.3 - What differences exist between cortical and...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 11LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 12LOCh. 24.3 - Differentiate between the function of principal...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 13LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 14LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 15LOCh. 24.3 - What are the two primary cellular components of...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 16LOCh. 24.4 - Prob. 17LOCh. 24.4 - Prob. 18LOCh. 24.4 - What is the pathway that blood follows as it...Ch. 24.4 - What are the three major types of capillaries...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 19LOCh. 24.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
20. Trace the fluid from its...Ch. 24.4 - What is the pathway of fluid filtered by the...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 21LOCh. 24.5 - How does tubular reabsorption differ from tubular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 22LOCh. 24.5 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
2 If a substance within the...Ch. 24.5 - How are the components of the filtration membrane...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 23LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 24LOCh. 24.5 - What is normally filtered across the glomerular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 17WDLCh. 24.5 - Prob. 25LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 26LOCh. 24.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
27. Explain how to calculate...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 28LOCh. 24.5 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
3 An individual with cirrhosis...Ch. 24.5 - What is the value of the NFP if the glomerular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 24.5 - If HPg increases, what is the effect on NFP? Is...Ch. 24.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
29. Describe what is meant by...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 30LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 31LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 32LOCh. 24.5 - Does urine production increase, decrease, or stay...Ch. 24.5 - What are the three factors that regulate...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 23WDLCh. 24.6 - Prob. 33LOCh. 24.6 - What are the significant anatomic and physiologic...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 34LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 35LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 24.6 - What is the transport maximum of a substance? How...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 36LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 37LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 5WDTCh. 24.6 - How is glucose reabsorbed across the two membranes...Ch. 24.6 - Why are proteins said to be transported rather...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 38LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 39LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 40LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 41LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 6WDTCh. 24.6 - How does Na+ reabsorption occur? Which two...Ch. 24.6 - What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on the...Ch. 24.6 - How is the movement of H+ and HCO3 regulated by...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 42LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 43LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 31WDLCh. 24.6 - Prob. 44LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 45LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 46LOCh. 24.6 - How is the concentration gradient that is...Ch. 24.6 - Which substances are reabsorbed in tubular...Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 47LOCh. 24.7 - Prob. 48LOCh. 24.7 - What is the purpose of measuring the glomerular...Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 49LOCh. 24.7 - Prob. 50LOCh. 24.7 - What information is gained by measuring the renal...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 51LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 52LOCh. 24.8 - What characteristics are used to describe urine?...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 53LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 54LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 55LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 7WDTCh. 24.8 - What are the major components of the urinary...Ch. 24.8 - How does the urethra of a male and female differ?Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 56LOCh. 24.8 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
57. Compare and contrast the...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 58LOCh. 24.8 - What steps lead to micturition? At what point does...Ch. 24 - _____ 1. All of following are functions of the...Ch. 24 - _____ 2. When the kidneys are described as being...Ch. 24 - _____ 3. Which of the following is located within...Ch. 24 - _____ 4. All of the following are capillaries...Ch. 24 - _____ 5. Which of the following is a component of...Ch. 24 - _____ 6. If blood pressure in the glomerulus...Ch. 24 - _____ 7. Which hormone increases Na+ and water...Ch. 24 - _____ 8. If the tubular maximum is exceeded, then...Ch. 24 - _____ 9. The function unique to the nephron loop...Ch. 24 - _____ 10. If antidiuretic hormone (ADH)...Ch. 24 - Trace blood flow into and out of the kidney....Ch. 24 - Describe where filtrate, tubular fluid, and urine...Ch. 24 - Describe the anatomic components of the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 14DYBCh. 24 - Explain how glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is...Ch. 24 - Discuss the affect of aldosterone and antidiuretic...Ch. 24 - Explain how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is...Ch. 24 - Describe the significant differences between blood...Ch. 24 - Identify all of the following that are functions...Ch. 24 - Explain the process of micturition.Ch. 24 - Use the following paragraph to answer questions...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CALCh. 24 - Prob. 3CALCh. 24 - Martin, a young man of 20, was in a car accident...Ch. 24 - A 19-year-old male named Paul was in a diving...Ch. 24 - A patient with cancer is treated with...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 24 - Males who suffer from either benign prostatic...
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- The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin_____ b) when the sympathetic nervous system is activated c) when the pH of the urine decreases d) by an increase in the blood pressure e) when the peritubular capillaries are dilatedarrow_forwardThe liver and kidney are both important excretory organs.a) Describe the role of the liver in excreting waste products from the body.b) The kidneys ensure excess fluid and waste are removed from the body- identify the main structures within the kidneys and describe their roles in the excretion of waste.arrow_forwardThe tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in A) urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH. B) glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate. C) NaCl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with 4ocal chemical messengers. D) systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following statements are true or false :(a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.(b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.(c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.(d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.(e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardHow are the processes of reabsorption and secretion related? A) Materials move in opposite directions: reabsorption moves materials into the blood, whereas secretion removes them from the blood. B) They both involve movement of material from the tubular fluid into the blood. C) Materials move in opposite directions: secretion moves materials into the blood, whereas reabsorption removes them from the blood. D) They both involve movement of material from the blood into the tubular fluid.arrow_forwardThe glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it Question options: a) is impermeable to most substances c) has a blood pressure much higher than other capillaries e) has a basement membranearrow_forward
- The hormone ANP is released from the heart and causes the urinary system to a.) decrease urine volume and increase blood volume. b.) increase urine volume and blood volume. c.) decrease urine volume and blood volume. d.) increase urine volume and decrease blood volume.arrow_forwardRegarding the glomerulus: A) Intracapsular pressure and colloid osmotic pressure act to hold serum in the glomerulus B) Only glomerular capillary pressure and net hydrostatic pressure push serum out of the glomerulus and intracapsular pressure and colloid osmotic pressure act to hold serum in the glomerulus C) Glomerular capillary pressure and net hydrostatic pressure push serum out of the glomerulus D) All of these answers are correct E) The net filtration pressure is normally 10mmHgarrow_forwardParasympathetic stimulation of the bladder causes (a) inhibition of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the external urethral sphincter, (b) contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter, (c) relaxation of the internal and external urethral sphincters, (d) contraction of the detrusor muscle and contraction of the internal urethral sphincter.arrow_forward
- ) The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism responds to an increase in a.) A) urine production by signaling for a decrease in urine production through the hormone ADH. b.) glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure by signaling for afferent arterioles to constrict and increase filtration rate. c.) Nacl concentration in tubular fluid by signaling for afferent arteriole constriction with local chemical messengers. d.) systemic blood pressure by signaling for a decrease in heart rate through blood-borne hormones.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascendinglimb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowman’s capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardHow does the hormone aldosterone influence potassium levels? a.) It increases potassium secretion by the kidneys and decreases potassium blood concentration. b.) It increases potassium secretion by the kidneys and increases potassium blood concentration. c.) It increases potassium reabsorption by the kidneys and decreases potassium blood concentration. d.) It increases potassium reabsorption by the kidneys and increases potassium blood concentration.arrow_forward
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