Anatomy & Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259398629
Author: McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher: Mcgraw Hill Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 22.4, Problem 16WDL
Which type of MHC class molecules is found on all nucleated cells and is used to communicate with cytotoxic T-lymphocytes? Which classes are displayed on APCs, and which class is used specifically to communicate with (a) helper T-lymphocytes and (b) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Which type of MHC-class molecule is found on all nucleated cells and is used to communicate with cytotoxic T-lymphocytes? Which classes are displayed on APCs, and which class is used specifically to communicate with (a) helper T-lymphocytes and (b) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes?
A flu-infected cell has down-regulated its MHC class I expression. The lymphocytes below comes to the site and interacts with the cell. How does the downregulation of MHC class I affect these ability of lymphocytes to kill the infected cell? a) influenza-specific T cell b) NK cell c) herpes-specific T cell Indicate whether the possibility increases, decreases or is unchanged for each cell.
About Antigen presenting cells, it is CORRECT to affirm that:
a). Macrophages, B lymphocytes and dendritic cells are APCs. meaning they express MHC-ll. b). Only APCs present MHC-11. c). Macrophages,B lymphocytes and dendritic cells are phagocytes, but not APCs.d). All the non-APC cells of our body present MHC-1.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.1 - Which pathogen must enter a cell to replicate?...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 2WDLCh. 22.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 22.2 - What is the definition of a cytokine? How are...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 4WDL
Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 22.3 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
8. Describe the cells that...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 6WDLCh. 22.3 - How do NK cells accomplish the task of eliminating...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 11LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 8WDLCh. 22.3 - Prob. 12LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 13LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 14LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1WDTCh. 22.3 - Prob. 9WDLCh. 22.3 - Prob. 10WDLCh. 22.3 - Prob. 15LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 16LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 11WDLCh. 22.3 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 22.4 - Prob. 17LOCh. 22.4 - Prob. 18LOCh. 22.4 - Prob. 19LOCh. 22.4 - Prob. 13WDLCh. 22.4 - What distinguishes a hapten from an antigen?Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 20LOCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2WDTCh. 22.4 - Prob. 15WDLCh. 22.4 - Prob. 21LOCh. 22.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
22. Describe antigen-presenting...Ch. 22.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
23. Explain the process of...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 24LOCh. 22.4 - Which type of MHC class molecules is found on all...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 25LOCh. 22.4 - Prob. 17WDLCh. 22.5 - Prob. 26LOCh. 22.5 - Prob. 18WDLCh. 22.5 - Prob. 27LOCh. 22.5 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 22.5 - Prob. 28LOCh. 22.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
29. Describe the formation and...Ch. 22.5 - Prob. 20WDLCh. 22.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
30. Describe how both helper...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 21WDLCh. 22.6 - How do cytokines released by helper T-lymphocytes...Ch. 22.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
31. Compare the activation of...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 23WDLCh. 22.6 - Prob. 24WDLCh. 22.6 - Prob. 32LOCh. 22.6 - Prob. 25WDLCh. 22.7 - Prob. 33LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 34LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 35LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 3WDTCh. 22.7 - Prob. 26WDLCh. 22.7 - Prob. 27WDLCh. 22.7 - Prob. 36LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 37LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 28WDLCh. 22.8 - Prob. 38LOCh. 22.8 - Prob. 29WDLCh. 22.8 - Prob. 39LOCh. 22.8 - What are the six major functions of antibodies?...Ch. 22.8 - Prob. 40LOCh. 22.8 - Which subclass of antibodies is most prevalent?...Ch. 22.9 - Prob. 41LOCh. 22.9 - Prob. 32WDLCh. 22.9 - Prob. 42LOCh. 22.9 - Prob. 33WDLCh. 22.9 - Prob. 43LOCh. 22.9 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
44. Describe how both active...Ch. 22.9 - Prob. 34WDLCh. 22 - Prob. 1DYBCh. 22 - _____ 2. This cell releases cytokines to activate...Ch. 22 - _____ 3. This cell is activated by binding...Ch. 22 - _____ 4. These two cells destroy an infected cell...Ch. 22 - _____ 5. All of the following are functions of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 6DYBCh. 22 - _____ 7. During which process does additional...Ch. 22 - _____ 8. This chemical is released by...Ch. 22 - _____ 9. The correct sequence of the major events...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10DYBCh. 22 - Compare the general characteristics of innate...Ch. 22 - Define the inflammatory response, and explain its...Ch. 22 - Describe an antigen.Ch. 22 - Describe class I and class II MHC molecules, and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 15DYBCh. 22 - Prob. 16DYBCh. 22 - Explain the general function of cytotoxic...Ch. 22 - Describe both the function of antibodies and...Ch. 22 - There are two branches of adaptive immunity:...Ch. 22 - Prob. 20DYBCh. 22 - Prob. 1CALCh. 22 - Prob. 2CALCh. 22 - Prob. 3CALCh. 22 - Prob. 4CALCh. 22 - Prob. 5CALCh. 22 - Prob. 1CSLCh. 22 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 22 - Prob. 3CSL
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Peptides are stably bound to MHC molecules, and also serve to stabilize the MHC molecule on the cell surface. Once expressed on the surface of host cells, an MHC protein remains stably associated with its bound peptide for several days. This highly stable peptide binding behavior is important because: a) It prevents peptide exchanges on the cell surface, ensuring that peptide:MHC complexes are reliable indicators of the proteins present inside that host cell. b) If the MHC protein lost its peptide it would become unstable, and would be rapidly internalized and degraded. c) Pathogens would otherwise evade the immune response by making decoy peptides that mimic host cell peptides. d) Pathogens would be able to evade the T cell response by making proteases that cleave MHC proteins inducing peptide release. e) Immune responses to infection often induce noxious chemicals that damage surface MHC proteins, and might result in peptide loss.arrow_forwardHuman immune system a) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are conserved molecular structures produced by microorganisms, but not by host cells. b) A virus-infected host cell that displays a viral antigen via MHC class I molecules may become a target of cytotoxic T cells. c) Secreted MHC Class I proteins present in blood plasma can function as opsonins. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correctarrow_forwardCompare the MHC I and MHC II protein structures and peptidebinding sites. How do they differ? How are they similar?arrow_forward
- Class II MHC proteins display what kind of antigens? What class of T cell recognizes antigens bound to class II MHC? What types of cells display these proteins?arrow_forwardWhat types of cells display MHC class I and class IIantigen complexes, and what happens as a result?arrow_forwardWhere are major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) molecules located in the human body (cells)? Briefly describe how these surface markers present antigens to other cells. (Make sure to include where the antigen originates and what type of T-cell interacts with MHC-I antigen presentation.)arrow_forward
- What is a membrane histocompatibility complex? Contrast MHC I and MHC II.arrow_forwardDescribe the basic structure of class I and class IImajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Inwhat functional ways do they differ?arrow_forwardThree major cell types, dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells, present peptides bound to MHC class II molecules for recognition by CD4 T cells. In general, these peptides are derived from proteins or pathogens taken up by the cell by endocytosis, phagocytosis, or macropinocytosis. Based on these pathways of antigen uptake, some of the enzymes that degrade proteins to generate peptides for MHC class II presentation are: Ubiquitin ligases that tag proteins for degradation by the proteasome ATP transporter proteins that deliver endocytic proteins into the cytosol for degradation Cysteine proteases like cathepsins that function at acidic pH The lysosomal thiol reductase found in the endosomes The lysosome-associated membrane trafficking protein, LAMP-2arrow_forward
- What polypeptide chains make up the MHC class molecule? MHC class II?arrow_forwardSome viruses have mechanisms to down-regulate MHC class I protein expression on the surface of cells in which the virus is replicating. This immune evasion strategy might prevent effector CD8 cytotoxic T cells from recognizing and killing the virus-infected cells. Would this immune evasion strategy also prevent the initial activation of virus-specific CD8 T cells? Yes, because no viral peptide:MHC class I complexes would form to activate CD8 T cells. No, because dendritic cells would take up infected cells and cross-present viral peptides to activate CD8 T cells. No, because some presentation of MHC class I complexes with viral peptides would occur before the virus could down-regulate all the surface MHC class I protein. Yes, because this immune evasion strategy would also function in dendritic cells, even if the virus doesn’t replicate in dendritic cells. No, because the type I interferon response induced by the virus infection will up-regulate MHC class I expression and override the…arrow_forwardPlease could you explain how lymphocytes (especially B) can maintain receptors on their surfaces? Is this genetically related? If so, when the lymphocytes are first exposed to the antigens, how could the antigen receptor be synthesized? Is there a mutation within the nuclei of these lymphocytes when they learn to make the receptors? If there is, can you explain how this occurs?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Macromolecules | Classes and Functions; Author: 2 Minute Classroom;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5hhrDFo8Vk;License: Standard youtube license