Interpretation:
The atom that undergoes oxidation and reduction in cytochromes and in coenzyme Q should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidation: The oxidation is reaction that involves addition of oxygen atom or loss of electrons or removal of hydrogen atom present in the chemical compound.
Reduction: It involves removal of oxygen or addition of hydrogen to the chemical compound.
Coenzyme: They are non-proteins molecules which helps enzymes for catalyzing the reaction.
Cytochromes: They are heme-containing proteins that transfer electrons in cell respiration that occur in mitochondria.
Heme: The iron containing compound that is iron
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 21 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Each of the cytochromes in the mitochondrion contains prosthetic groups. What is a prosthetic group? Which type of prosthetic group is associated with the cytochromes?arrow_forwardHigh-energy electrons from molecules of NADH and FADH2 are transferred to a chain of proteins within the electron transport chain. What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?arrow_forwardWhat is the energy rich compound produced in Krebs Cycle or Citric acid cycle?arrow_forward
- What compounds are the immediate source of the "high energy electrons" that enter the electron transport system of mitochondria? Where do these electron-donating compounds gain their electrons? What type of compounds are these electron-donating compounds?arrow_forwardThe electron transport chain contains four large protein complexes: the NADH-Q reductase complex, succinate dehydrogenase, the cytochrome c reductase complex, and the cytochrome c oxidase complex. What do they have in common?arrow_forwardHow many ATP are produced when 3 moles of FADH2 enter the electron transport chain?arrow_forward
- The reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 are oxidized in the ETS. What is the final electron acceptor of the ETS? What is the function of the H+ ion in ATP synthesis?arrow_forwardWhy do the cytochrome electron-transfer processes have different standard reduction potentials, despite the fact that they all utilize the identical iron oxidation–reduction reaction?arrow_forwardin which of the reactions in the electron transport chain, coenzyme Q transfers electrons to complex 3 . Which molecule is reduced and which is oxidized in this reaction?arrow_forward
- Is there a fundamental difference between the one- and two-electron reactions in the electron transport chain?arrow_forwardWe know that atmospheric oxygen (O2) can be a final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration. Name 2 other inorganic molecules that can be final electron acceptors at the end of the electron transport chain in anaerobic respiration. Name 1 organic molecule that can be a final electron acceptor in fermentation.arrow_forwardHow many carbons from 13 original glucose molecules enter the Krebs cycle in the absence of oxygen?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON