SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260172195
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 20.6, Problem 25AYP
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The point of difference between the depolarization of pacemaker cells and other cardiac cells and the pacemaker potential.
Introduction:
The voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels are the communication channels that allow the signal transductions among various types of cells. The voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels both open under the appropriate stimuli and lead to the initiation of cellular changes that generate a pathway to bring about the required response.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 20.1 - State the four functions of the heart.Ch. 20.2 - What is the approximate size and shape of the...Ch. 20.2 - Where is the heart located? How does this...Ch. 20.3 - Describe the parts of the pericardium and their...Ch. 20.3 - Describe the three layers of the heart wall, and...Ch. 20.3 - Name the chambers of the heart, and describe their...Ch. 20.3 - List the major blood vessels that enter and leave...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 20.3 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 20.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 20.3 - Describe the openings of the right and left atria....Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 20.3 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 20.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 20.4 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 20.5 - Identify the parts of the conducting system of...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 20.5 - Prob. 22AYPCh. 20.6 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 20.6 - Prob. 24AYPCh. 20.6 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 20.6 - Prob. 26AYPCh. 20.6 - What does an ECG measure? Nome the waves...Ch. 20.7 - Define systole and diastole.Ch. 20.7 - List the five periods of the cardiac cycle (see...Ch. 20.7 - Define isovolumetric. When does most ventricular...Ch. 20.7 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 20.7 - Prob. 32AYPCh. 20.7 - Prob. 33AYPCh. 20.8 - Prob. 34AYPCh. 20.8 - Explain the role of MAP in causing blood flow.Ch. 20.8 - Prob. 36AYPCh. 20.8 - Prob. 37AYPCh. 20.8 - Prob. 38AYPCh. 20.9 - Prob. 39AYPCh. 20.9 - Prob. 40AYPCh. 20.9 - Prob. 41AYPCh. 20.9 - Prob. 42AYPCh. 20.9 - Prob. 43AYPCh. 20.10 - Prob. 44AYPCh. 20.10 - Prob. 45AYPCh. 20.10 - What effect does an increase or a decrease...Ch. 20.10 - Prob. 47AYPCh. 20.11 - Prob. 48AYPCh. 20.11 - Prob. 49AYPCh. 20.11 - Prob. 50AYPCh. 20.11 - Prob. 51AYPCh. 20 - Which of these structures returns blood to the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2RACCh. 20 - Prob. 3RACCh. 20 - Prob. 4RACCh. 20 - Prob. 5RACCh. 20 - Prob. 6RACCh. 20 - Action potentials pass from one cardiac muscle...Ch. 20 - During the transmission of action potentials...Ch. 20 - Given these structures of the conducting system of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10RACCh. 20 - Prob. 11RACCh. 20 - The greatest amount of ventricular filling occurs...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13RACCh. 20 - Prob. 14RACCh. 20 - Prob. 15RACCh. 20 - Cardiac output is defined as blood pressure times...Ch. 20 - Pressure in the aorta is at its lowest a. at the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 18RACCh. 20 - Prob. 19RACCh. 20 - Prob. 20RACCh. 20 - Prob. 21RACCh. 20 - Increased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart...Ch. 20 - Prob. 23RACCh. 20 - Prob. 24RACCh. 20 - Prob. 25RACCh. 20 - Prob. 1CTCh. 20 - In most tissues, peak blood flow occurs during...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3CTCh. 20 - Prob. 4CTCh. 20 - A patient has tachycardia. Would you recommended a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6CTCh. 20 - A doctor lets you listen to a patient's heart with...Ch. 20 - Explain why it is sufficient to replace the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9CTCh. 20 - Prob. 10CTCh. 20 - Prob. 11CT
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- In ECG, P and QRS waves represent what types of heart electrophysiological activity? Draw and speak. And if the RR interval about 0.5sec, what is the heart rate.?arrow_forwardThe effective-refractory period present during Phase 2 of the actionpotential of ventricular myocytes:A)is relatively long because the Na+ current does not inactivate. B) is relatively long because K+ current is immediately activated once membrane potential becomes positive. C) prevents tetanus in the heart. D) is about twice as long as in skeletal musclearrow_forwardWhat are the difference between contractile cells of the heart and electrical cells responsible for generation and conduction of impulses. Why is the cardiac action potential propagated more slowly in an AV node cell than in an atrial or ventricular myocyte? How are the channels and ions that are responsible for depolarization and repolarization work? How can be AV conduction affected by hypokalemia?arrow_forward
- Consider the ventricular cardiomyocyte action potential shown below: a) Which phase of the cardiac myocyte action potential would be most significantly affected by the L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine? b) Draw the predicted effects of nifedipine on the cardiac myocyte action potential.arrow_forwardWhy is it necessary for cells of the cardiac atria and ventricles to contract in a coordinated manner? How is this accomplished?arrow_forward29. 30. State the significance of the longer action potential in a cardiac CONTRACTILE cell. State why it is important to prevent tetany in a cardiac contractile cells?arrow_forward
- Regarding the cardiac cycle at resting HR, when in the cycle does ventricular filling occur? Howimportant is atrial contraction to the EDV? Why is the first part of ventricular contraction isovolumetric?When and why does rapid ejection of blood from the ventricle occur?arrow_forwardName three mechanisms that can increase cardiacoutput.arrow_forwardWhat is the mechanism behind the action potentials in the pacemaker cells?arrow_forward
- Parasympathetic stimulation also increases the delay between atrial and ventricular contractions. What is the ionic mechanism?arrow_forwardThe rapid depolarization phase of heart pacemaker cells is caused by which of the following? movement of Na+ through funny channels movement of Ca++ through L-type channels movement of Na+ and Ca++ through funny channels movement of K+ through funny channels all of the abovearrow_forwardCardiac output is determined by two variables. What are they, and what do they represent? Garrow_forward
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