Introduction To Health Physics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780071835275
Author: Johnson, Thomas E. (thomas Edward), Cember, Herman.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2.27P
(a)
To determine
What is the wavelength of an electron whose kinetic energy is 1000 eV?
(b)
To determine
What is the wavelength of a 10-8-kg oil droplet falling at the rate of 0.01 m/s?
(c)
To determine
What is the wavelength of a a 1-MeV neutron??
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The neutron has a mass of 1.67 × 10-27 kg. Neutrons emitted in nuclear reactions can be slowed down by collisions with matter. They are referred to as thermal neutrons after they come into thermal equilibrium with the environment. The average kinetic energy (3/2 kBT) of a thermal neutron isapproximately 0.04 eV. (a) Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron with a kinetic energy of 0.040 0 eV. (b) How does your answer compare with the characteristic atomic spacing in a crystal? (c) Explain whether you expect thermal neutrons to exhibit diffraction effects when scattered by a crystal.
The mean free path length of a 0.7-MeV photon in lead is closest to which of the following?
(a)0.1039 cm
(b)0.6697 cm
(c)0.7038 cm
(d)1.1394 cm
(e)0.8776 cm
Gamma rays (?-rays) are high-energy photons. In a certain nuclear reaction, a ?-ray of energy 0.836 MeV (million electronvolts) is produced. Compute the frequency of such a photon.
How do I enter 2.02*10^20 in the answer window?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Introduction To Health Physics
Ch. 2 - Two blocks of mass 0.1 kg and 0.2 kg approch each...Ch. 2 - A bullet whose mass is 50 g travels at a velocity...Ch. 2 - Compute the mass of the Earth, assuming it to be a...Ch. 2 - An automobile weighing 2000 kg and going at a...Ch. 2 - A small electrically charged sphere of mass 0.1 g...Ch. 2 - A capacitor has a capacitance of 10F . How much...Ch. 2 - A small charged particle whose mass is 0.01 g...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.9PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.10P
Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.11PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.12PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.13PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.14PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.15PCh. 2 - A current of 25 mA flows through a 25-gauge wire,...Ch. 2 - An electron starts at rest on the negative plate...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.18PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.20PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.21PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.23PCh. 2 - (a) A 1000-MW(e) nuclear power plant operates at a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.25PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.26PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27PCh. 2 - The specific heat of water in the English system...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.29PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.30PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.31PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.32PCh. 2 - How many cubic meters of water must fall over a...Ch. 2 - (a) Calculate the speed of a 25-MeV proton. (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.35PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.36PCh. 2 - Calculate the speed of a (a) 0.5-MeV electron and...Ch. 2 - How much sub-butuminous coal (20,000 kJ/kg) would...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.40PCh. 2 - How much oil (138,690 Btu/gal) would it take to...Ch. 2 - How much oil (138,690 Btu/gal) would it take to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.43PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.44PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.45PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.46PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.47PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.48PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.49P
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- Alpha particles of kinetic energy 5.4 MeV are incident at a rate of 3.2 x 107 per second on a copper foil of thickness 3.2 x 10-6 m. A circular detector of diameter 1.0 cm is placed 13 cm from the foil at an angle of 30° with the direction of the incident alpha particles. At what rate does the detector measure scattered alpha particles? (The molar mass of copper is 63.5 g/mol and its density is 8.9 g/cm³.) Additional Materials Bookarrow_forwardA neutron with a potential energy of U = 0 is represented by the wave function y = Ae'(kx – ot) where k = 5.23 × 1010 m-1. (a) What is the momentum (in kg · m/s) of the neutron? kg • m/s (b) What is the kinetic energy (in eV) of the neutron? ev (c) We wish to verify if the given wave function is a solution to Schrödinger's equation. To do this, calculate the following. (Use the following as necessary: k, w, x, t and A. Do not substitute numerical values; use variables only.) dự dx d?w dx2 Substitute the above two results into Schrödinger's equation and solve for the energy of the particle. (Use the following as necessary: h, k, m, w, x, t and A. Do not substitute numerical values; use variables only.) E = Calculate the energy (in eV) of the neutron. evarrow_forward15.(a)What is the frequency of an x-ray photon whose momentum is 1.1x 1023 kg m/s? (b) How much energy must a photon have if it is to have the momentum of a 10-MeV proton?arrow_forward
- A π0 meson is an unstable particle produced in high-energy particle collisions. Its rest energy is approximately 135 MeV, and it exists for a lifetime of only 8.70 × 10-17 s before decaying into two gamma rays. Using the uncertainty principle, estimate the fractional uncertainty Δm/m in its mass determination.arrow_forwardSuppose that the uncertainty in position of an electron is equal to the radius of the n=1n=1 Bohr orbit, about 0.529×10−10m0.529×10−10m. A) Calculate the minimum uncertainty in the corresponding momentum component. Express your answer in kilogram meters per second. B) Compare this with the magnitude of the momentum of the electron in the n=1n=1 Bohr orbit. Compare this with the magnitude of the momentum of the electron in the Bohr orbit. a) This is greater than the magnitude of the momentum of the electron in the n=1n=1 Bohr orbit. b) This is the same as the magnitude of the momentum of the electron in the n=1n=1 Bohr orbit. c) This is less than the magnitude of the momentum of the electron in the n=1n=1 Bohr orbit.arrow_forwardWhat are the (a) energy, (b) magnitude of the momentum, and (c) wavelength of the photon emitted when a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from a state with n = 4 to a state with n = 2? (a) Number 2.55 Units eV (b) Number 1.3617 Units kg-m/s or N-s (c) Number 4.865976353 Units This answer has no unitsarrow_forward
- An alpha particle (m = 6.64 × 10−27 kg) emitted in the radioactive decay of Uranium-238 has an energy of 4.20 MeV. What is its de Broglie wavelength?arrow_forwardA typical gamma ray emitted from a nucleus during radioactive decay may have an energy of 320 keV. What is its wavelength?arrow_forwardA 57Fe nucleus at rest emits a 14.0-keV photon. Use conservation of energy and momentum to find the kinetic energy of the recoiling nucleus in electron volts. Use Mc2 = 8.60 × 10-9 J for the final state of the 57Fe nucleus.arrow_forward
- What is the wavelength of (a) a photon with energy 1.00 eV, (b) an electron with energy 1.00 eV, (c) a photon of energy 1.00 GeV, and (d) an electron with energy 1.00 GeV?arrow_forwardProtons are accelerated from rest by a potential difference of 3.80 kVkV and strike a metal target. A) If a proton produces one photon on impact, what is the minimum wavelength of the resulting xx rays? Express your answer in meters. B) Find the minimum wavelength if 3.80 −keV−keV electrons are used instead? Express your answer in meters.arrow_forwardThe least massive particle known to exist is the electron neutrino. Though scientists once believed that it had no mass, like the photon, they have now determined that this particle has an extremely low mass, equivalent to a few electron volts. Assuming a mass of 2.2 eV/c2 (or 3.9 × 10-36 kg) and a speed of 4.4 × 106 m/s, which of the following values equals the neutrino’s de Broglie wavelength? a. 3.8 × 10-5 m b. 4.7 × 10-7m c. 1.7 × 10-10m d. 8.9 × 10-14marrow_forward
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