Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 36RQ
The anterior pituitary gland develops from which embryonic germ layer?
- oral ectoderm
- neural ectoderm
- mesoderm
- endoderm
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Which pituitary hormone might contribute to multiple births and why?
Which pituitary hormone might contribute to multiple births and why?
Luteinizing hormone stimulates ovulation. Ovulation of more than one egg cell per cycle can result in the formation of multiple embryos.
Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates follicle maturation allowing more than one egg cell to develop during one cycle.
Oxytocin promotes uterine contractions necessary to deliver multiple babies.
Prolactin stimulates milk production to support multiple births.
If the whole ectoderm is exposed to high levels of BMP activity, which of the following ectodermal derivatives will not probably form? (Check all that apply)
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Cornea
Facial cartilage
Lens
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A woman is in labor. The size of the fetus combined with the contractions of the uterine muscular layer stretches the uterine wall, stimulating stretch receptors in the cervix. Signals from these receptors are conducted through nerves to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The hypothalamus/posterior pituitary releases oxytocin. The oxytocin travels through the blood and stimulates the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Oxytocin has two effects on the uterine smooth muscle:1. Itdirectlystimulatesthesmoothmuscletocontractmorefrequentlyandmoreforcefully.2. Itcausestheuterinewalltoreleaseprostaglandins,whichincreasethefrequencyandforceofthe contractions even more.These effects push the fetus more forcefully into the cervix, stimulating the stretch receptors further. The receptors send additional impulses to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The increased activation of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary stimulates release of additional oxytocin, which further stimulates the uterus.…
Chapter 17 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Endocrine glands ________. secrete hormones that...Ch. 17 - Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells...Ch. 17 - A newly developed pesticide has been observed to...Ch. 17 - A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing...Ch. 17 - A student is in a car accident, and although not...
Ch. 17 - The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is an anterior pituitary...Ch. 17 - How many hormones are produced by the posterior...Ch. 17 - Which of the following hormones contributes to the...Ch. 17 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 17 - The secretion of thyroid hormones is controlled by...Ch. 17 - The development of a goiter indicates that...Ch. 17 - Iodide ions cross from the bloodstream into...Ch. 17 - When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates...Ch. 17 - Which of the following can result from...Ch. 17 - The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to...Ch. 17 - What secretory cell type is found in the adrenal...Ch. 17 - Cushings disease is a disorder caused by ________....Ch. 17 - Which of the following responses s not part of the...Ch. 17 - What cells secrete melatonin? melanocytes...Ch. 17 - The production of melatonin is inhibited by...Ch. 17 - The gonads produce what class of hormones? amine...Ch. 17 - The production of FSH by the anterior pituitary is...Ch. 17 - The function of the placental hormone human...Ch. 17 - If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells,...Ch. 17 - Which of the following statements about insulin is...Ch. 17 - The walls of the atria produce which hoimone?...Ch. 17 - The end result of the RAAS is to ________. reduce...Ch. 17 - Athletes may take synthetic EPO to boost their...Ch. 17 - Hormones produced by the thymus play a role in the...Ch. 17 - The anterior pituitary gland develops from which...Ch. 17 - In the elderly, decreased thyroid function causes...Ch. 17 - Describe several main differences in the...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast endocrine and exocrine...Ch. 17 - True or false: Neurotransmitters are a special...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the signaling events involved...Ch. 17 - Describe the mechanism of hormone response...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the anatomical relationship...Ch. 17 - Name the target tissues for prolactin.Ch. 17 - Explain why maternal iodine deficiency might lead...Ch. 17 - Define hyperthyroidism and explain why one of its...Ch. 17 - Describe the role of negative feedback in the...Ch. 17 - Explain why someone with a parathyroid gland tumor...Ch. 17 - What are the three regions of the adrenal cortex...Ch. 17 - If innervation to the adrenal medulla were...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the short-term and long-term...Ch. 17 - Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood...Ch. 17 - Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a disease that causes...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the role of estrogens and...Ch. 17 - Describe the role of placental secretion of...Ch. 17 - What would be the physiological consequence of a...Ch. 17 - Why is foot care extremely important for people...Ch. 17 - Summarize the role of GI tract hormones following...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the thymus gland in infancy...Ch. 17 - Distinguish between the effects of menopause and...
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- Figure 43.15 Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false? LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries. Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken. Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol.arrow_forwardFrom the ectodermal epithelium of the lining of the upper part of the intestinal fossa of the human embryo, a pocket of the Ratchet is formed, which is directed to the basis of the future brain. What develops from this embryonic germ? O Medial eminence. O anterior hypothalamus ONeurohypophysis. O Adenohypophysis O pituitary stalk. *arrow_forwardNormally deterioration of the endometrium begins when: blood levels of FSH increase blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase the corpus luteum secretes estrogenarrow_forward
- Which of the following describes the role of Luteinizing hormone in the ovarian cycle? o Inhibits the hypothalamus from secreting GNRH o Directly promotes thickening of the endometrium o Simulates the ovary to increase aldosterone o Induces the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone Stimulates lactation in the mammary glandsarrow_forwardWhat birth defect is usually seen if the mother will have a decreased level of folic acid on the course of her pregnancy? Neural Tube Defect Spina Ganglia defect Abortion Low birth weightarrow_forwardSome Stages of Embryonic Development Gastrulation Zygote Implantation Blastocyst The order in which the physiological stages occur during embryonic development is Answer, Answer, Answer, and Answer.arrow_forward
- Which hormone is primarily responsible for the contractions during labor? a. oxytocin b. estrogen c. -HCG d. progesteronearrow_forward_____ production is continuous from puberty onward in males; _____ production is cyclic and intermittent in females. a. Egg; sperm b. Sperm; egg c. Testosterone; sperm d. Estrogen; eggarrow_forwardFigure 18.17 Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false? a. LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estrogen and progesterone are produced in the ovaries. b. Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken. c. Both progesterone and estrogen are produced by the follicles. d. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estrogen but stimulated by high levels of estrogen.arrow_forward
- In males, stimulates the Leydig cells to produce Progesterone; testosterone Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone Estrogen; sperm O Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH); inhibinarrow_forwardWhat is in common between Epinephrine-secreting cells of the Adrenal Medulla gland and Melanin-secreting cells of the Melanocytes of the Epidermis? Both cell types are Epidermal ectoderm in origin Both cell types are neural ectoderm in origin Both cell types are neural crest cells in origin None of the abovearrow_forwardFor each hormone, select whether the hormone is increasing or decreasing at the beginning of parturition. In addition, select the correct effect that the change in hormone secretion causes. Hormone Levels Resulting Effect Increasing Decreasing Causes the endometrial layer to break away from the uterus Causes the endometrial layer to be maintained Increases uterine contractions Decreases uterine contractions Increases milk production in the mother's breasts Decrease milk production in the mother's breasts Hormone Hormone Levels Resulting Effect Estrogen Progesterone Oxytocin Prostaglandins Prolactinarrow_forward
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