Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 2QP
The Complement System Kills Microorganisms
The complement system supplements the inflammatory response by directly killing microorganisms. Describe the life cycle of complement proteins, from their synthesis in the liver to their activity at the site of an infection.
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The complement system supplements the inflammatory response by directly killing microorganisms. Describe the life cycle of complement proteins, from their synthesis in the liver to their activity in the site of an infection.
Macrophages and neutrophils both contribute to extracellular pathogen protection. Describe their common characteristics, differences in structure and function, and if one were eliminated from the innate immune response, explain which one would be more detrimental to the body and why.
List and describe the three outcomes of complement activation.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 17.8 - One treatment for peanut allergies is to give an...Ch. 17.8 - Prob. 2EGCh. 17 - Prob. 1CSCh. 17 - The Joneses were referred to a clinical geneticist...Ch. 17 - The Inflammatory Response Is a General a. What...Ch. 17 - The Complement System Kills Microorganisms The...Ch. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4QPCh. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 17 - Prob. 7QPCh. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9QPCh. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - It is often helpful to draw a complicated pathway...Ch. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14QPCh. 17 - Prob. 15QPCh. 17 - Blood Types Are Determined by Cell-Surface...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17QPCh. 17 - Blood Types Are Determined by Cell-Surface...Ch. 17 - Prob. 19QPCh. 17 - Prob. 20QPCh. 17 - Prob. 21QPCh. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically A burn...Ch. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically In the...Ch. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically In the...Ch. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically A couple...Ch. 17 - Prob. 26QPCh. 17 - Disorders of the Immune System Antihistamines are...Ch. 17 - Disorders of the Immune System Autoimmune...Ch. 17 - Prob. 29QPCh. 17 - Prob. 30QPCh. 17 - Prob. 31QP
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- Complement proteins function in defense by _______. a. neutralizing toxins b. enhancing resident bacteria c. promoting inflammation d. forming pores that cause pathogens to disintegrate e. both a and b f. both c and darrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true about the complementsystem?(a) It is a set of more than 20 proteins that play a key rolein host defense by specifically acting in different waystoward different microorganisms.(b) Its general functions include enhancing phagocytosis byphagocytes, lysing microbes and enveloped viruses directly, and generating peptide fragments that regulateinflammation and immune responses.(c) It is a fast-acting innate host defense that works in a cascade.(d) There are three pathways classical, lectin, and alternative.(e) The effects of each activation pathways are the same.arrow_forwardwhat are the three possible outcomes of complement activation?arrow_forward
- Describe the initiation and activation of classical complement pathway.arrow_forwardMatch the steps of phagocytosis with the description. Chemotaxis [ Choose ] Binding [ Choose ] [ Choose ] The wastes are excreted from the white blood cell The white blood cell moves towards the pathogen This is the actual endocytosis The white blood cell attaches to the pathogen The pathogen is broken down inside the white blood cell [ Choose ] Ingestion Digestion Elimination [ Choose ]arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about complement? Check all that apply. Three pathways of complement, where classical and alternative, are activated by antibodies and lectin by spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 Complement pathways are activated in response to infections and involved in opsonization, phagocytosis and lysis of microbes The"b" subunit of complement such as C3b or C5b is deposited on the microbes, whereas the "a" subunit, C3a or C5a recruits phagocytic cells to the site of infection and promotes inflammation Alternative pathway is activated immediately due to presence of C3b because of spontaneous hydrolysis of C3, whereas classical pathways in several days after secretion of pathogen-specific antibodies Seven complement(C) proteins are made by liver and C5 is found in abundancearrow_forward
- Complement can lead to the formation of the MAC which essentially lyses the target cell. Name another way complement leads to the destruction of the target cell and the molecules involved.arrow_forwardComplement is an integral part of the innate immune response to bacteria . One of its mechanisms of action is to behave as an anaphylatoxin Describe the anaphylatoxic effects of complement identifying which components are activated.arrow_forwardDescribe the complement system. Is the order ofprotein interactions important? Why or why not?Identify the components of the mannose-binding lectinpathway for complement activation.arrow_forward
- Describe how phagocytes recognize foreign cells. Explain the mechanism phagocytes use to kill engulfed cells. List some ways pathogens avoid the consequences of phagocytosis. Describe the cause, advantages and disadvantages of fever. Define complement and its role in host defensearrow_forwardDefine inflammation. Mention its types and its morphological patternsarrow_forwardWhich of the following complement components are generated during the classical pathway and bind independently to the membrane surface promoting immune adherence and opsonizing effects? C3b O C3d O C1q O C2arrow_forward
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