Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The boiling point of acetic acid is higher than that of its methyl ester even through acetic acid has a lower molecular weight. The factors behind this has to be given.
Concept introduction:
The boiling points of carboxylic acids are higher than those of alcohol or
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding will increase the boiling point of an organic compound.
Carboxylic acids can form dimers in which hydrogen bonds form between two carboxyl groups this will also increase their boiling point.
Increasing order of boiling point of some organic compounds with similar molecular weight is shown below,
The better hydrogen bond capability of a molecule will increase its boiling points.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 17 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- List the following compounds in order of increasing water solubility: a.ethoxyethane b.propanoic acid c.pentane d.1 butanolarrow_forwardWhy is it safe for us to consume foods like vinegar that contain acetic acids?arrow_forwardEthyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l)CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)⟶H+CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.40 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield, The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.45g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?arrow_forward
- Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.50 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess…arrow_forwardDetermine the product for octanal treated with an oxidizing agent. Group of answer choices octanoic acid octyloctanoate octanone octanolarrow_forwardEster compounds often have a sweet, pleasant odor. Many characteristic fruit scents are largely due to the natural presence of one or more ester compounds. As such, artificial scents for foods are often composed of complex mixtures of various esters. The exact identity and ratio of ingredients that compose a particular scent are closely guarded secrets in the food and fragrance industry. Suppose that you are a chemist working for a company that i creating a new line of air fresheners. The company is considering three scents: apple, pear, and pineapple. The project manager has asked you to prepare the ester compounds that are largely responsible for these scents. The structural formulas for these ester compounds are shown here: Alcohols for Air Freshener Project Molar mass Density Cost, per (g/mL) Reagent (g/mol) 1.00 L methanol 32.04 0.79 $46.20 ethanol 46.07 0.79 $112.00 1-propanol 60.10 0.80 $72.70 1-butanol 74.12 0.81 $72.60 Use the structural formulas of the alcohols and…arrow_forward
- When reacting an acid halide with amines, it is necessary to use at least two moles of the amine because: A) Acid halides are so unreactive that two moles of the attacking nucleophile are needed B) Using one mole of the amine leads to a neutralization reaction between the two reactants C) Excess amine is needed to react with the hydrohalic acid produced D) The second mole of amine is needed for deprotonation.arrow_forwardAcid Anhydride Amine Thiol Peroxide Nitrile Arenearrow_forwardExplain the following observation. Pyridine is a less weak base than pyrol.arrow_forward
- Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning