Oxalic acid ( H 2 C 2 O 4 ) has the following structure: An oxalic acid solution contains the following species in varying concentrations: H 2 C 2 O 4 HC 2 O 4 − , C 2 O 4 2 − , and H 3 O + . (a) Draw Lewis structures of HC 2 O 4 − , and C 2 O 4 2 − and. (b) Which of the four species can act only as acids, which can act only as bases, and which can act as both acids and bases?
Oxalic acid ( H 2 C 2 O 4 ) has the following structure: An oxalic acid solution contains the following species in varying concentrations: H 2 C 2 O 4 HC 2 O 4 − , C 2 O 4 2 − , and H 3 O + . (a) Draw Lewis structures of HC 2 O 4 − , and C 2 O 4 2 − and. (b) Which of the four species can act only as acids, which can act only as bases, and which can act as both acids and bases?
Solution Summary: The author explains the Lewis structures of HC_2TextO4–, and C’s oxalic acid solution are to be identified as acids
Oxalic acid
(
H
2
C
2
O
4
)
has the following structure:
An oxalic acid solution contains the following species in varying concentrations:
H
2
C
2
O
4
HC
2
O
4
−
,
C
2
O
4
2
−
,
and H
3
O
+
. (a) Draw Lewis structures of
HC
2
O
4
−
,
and C
2
O
4
2
−
and. (b) Which of the four species can act only as acids, which can act only as bases, and which can act as both acids and bases?
Compounds such as NaBH4, Al(BH4)3, and LiAlH4 are complexhydrides used as reducing agents in many syntheses.(a) Give the oxidation state of each element in these compounds.(b) Write a Lewis structure for the polyatomic anion in NaBH4, and predict its shape.
Sulfur tetrafluoride (SF4) reacts slowly with O2 to form sulfurtetrafluoride monoxide (OSF4) according to the followingunbalanced reaction:
SF4(g) + O2(g)---->OSF4(g)The O atom and the four F atoms in OSF4 are bonded to acentral S atom. (a) Balance the equation. (b) Write a Lewisstructure of OSF4 in which the formal charges of all atomsare zero. (c) Use average bond enthalpies (Table 8.3) to estimatethe enthalpy of the reaction. Is it endothermic or exothermic?(d) Determine the electron-domain geometry ofOSF4, and write two possible molecular geometries for themolecule based on this electron-domain geometry. (e) Foreach of the molecules you drew in part (d), state how manyfluorines are equatorial and how many are axial.
Answer the following questions that relate to the chemistry of nitrogen.
(a) Two nitrogen atoms combine to form a nitrogen molecule, as represented by the following equation.
2 N(g) ® N2(g)
Using the table of average bond energies below, determine the enthalpy change, AH, for the reaction.
Average Bond
Energy (k) mol-1)
Bond
N-N
160
N=N
420
N°N
950
(b) The reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia is represented below.
N2(g) + 3 H2(g)® 2 NH3(g)
AH° = -92.2 kJ
Predict the sign of the standard entropy change, AS', for the reaction. Justify your answer.
(C) The value of AG° for the reaction represented in part (b) is negative at low temperatures but positive at high temperatures. Explain.
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