BIO The Hottest Living Things From the surreal realm of deep-sea hydrothermal vents 200 miles offshore from Puget Sound, comes a newly discovered hyperthermophilic—or extreme heat-loving—microbe that holds the record for the hottest existence known to science. This microbe is tentatively known as Strain 121 for the temperature at which it thrives: 121 °C. (At sea level, water at this temperature would boil vigorously, but the extreme pressures at the ocean floor prevent boiling from occurring.) What is this temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 16 Solutions
Physics (5th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
Essential University Physics: Volume 2 (3rd Edition)
Glencoe Physical Science 2012 Student Edition (Glencoe Science) (McGraw-Hill Education)
The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
College Physics
Introduction to Electrodynamics
- Q3 The gases in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine have a specific internal energy of 800 kl/kg and specific volume of 0.06 m:/kg at the beginning of expansion. The expansion of the gases may be assumed to take place according to a reversible law, pv"= constant, from 55 bar to 1.4 bar. The specific internal energy after expansion is 230 kJ/kg. Calculate the heat rejected to the cylinder cooling water per kilogram or gases during the expansion stroke. The worke done by the system is 465.96 kj/kgarrow_forwardWhy does boiling temperature of liquid increase with pressure? Explain why the temperature of gas drops in an adiabatic expansion.arrow_forwardDescribe one or two practical examples of the laws of thermodynamics in your own life. Do they help explain why you can recycle cans and bottles but not energy? Which law is responsible for the fact that you get hot and sweaty when you exercise?arrow_forward
- Q2) The molar specific heat of a gas is measured at constant volume and found to be 11R / 2. The gas is most likely to be (a) monatomic (b) diatomic (c) polyatomic. And why?arrow_forwardWhen a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isothermic expansion, A) the gas does no work.B) no heat enters or leaves the gas.C) its temperature must decrease.D) its pressure must increase. P.S. isothermic differs from isothermalarrow_forwardQUESTION 2 Ifa hypothetical planet without an atmosphere had an atmosphere instantaneously added, the temperature of the planet would not change immediately because: O The solar constant prevents instant change Thermal inertia prevents instant change Photosynthesis prevents instant change O Cellular respiration prevents instant change 00arrow_forward
- Question #: 23 If a person who normally requires an average of 12,000 kJ (~ 3000 Cal) of food energy per day consumes 13,000 kJ per day, he will steadily gain weight. How much brisk walking per day is required to work off this extra 1000 kJ? Take the energy consumption rate when brisk walking (at 5 km/h) as 280 W. A. 30 minutes B. 60 minutes C. 40 minutes D. 50 minutes E. 70 minutesarrow_forwardCalorimetry Problem Consider some copper beads that are initially at T, = 200 °C, with each bead having a mass of m, = 1.00 g. Consider also a bucket of water (m, = 1.00 kg) that is initially at T, = 20.0°C. Suppose you want to raise the temperature of the bucket of water to T, i.e., by dropping N number of copper %3D %3D %3D %3D beads into the water. (Note: Subscript 1 represents copper beads, subscript 2 represents water. Neglecting any energy transfer to or from the container.) Which of the following equations correctly applies the principle of conservation of thermal energy to the water-beads system? *arrow_forwardQ20: Dr. Fahrrad has been riding his bike to his job and is curious how many ATP his body is breaking apart in order to do the work required to get to his job. Dr. Fahrrad rides 8.6 kilometers to his job, has a mass of 68.4 kilograms and has an average acceleration of 2.4 kilometers per second squared. The molecule ATP is able to do work, measured in kilojoules per mole of ATP broken into ADP. The SI unit for work is a joule. Using the information given we can calculate work and then convert to moles of ATP. The first step is to take stock of what we are given in the word problem and what we are trying to find. We have mass, distance, and average acceleration. We are trying to find how many ATP are required to power the bike ride to work. The equation for work, is force times distance and will tell us how many joules Dr. Farrhad is using on his bike ride. It also incorporates one of our given variables, distance. However, the distance was reported in kilometers and the SI unit of…arrow_forward
- (a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial pressure and temperature 5.0105 Pa and 300 K, respectively, what are the final pressure and temperature of the gas? Use =5/3 for the gas. (b) In an isothermal process, an ideal gas expands from a of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial pressure and temperature were 5.0105 Pa and 300 K, respectively, what are the final pressure and temperature of the gas?arrow_forwardIn cold climates, including the northern United States, a house can be built with very large windows facing south to take advantage of solar heating. Sunlight shining in during the daytime is absorbed by the floor, interior walls, and objects in the room, raising their temperature to 38.0C. If the house is well insulated, you may model it as losing energy by heat steadily at the rate 6 000 W on a day in April when the average exterior temperature is 4C and when the conventional heating system is not used at all. During the period between 5:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m., the temperature of the house drops and a sufficiently large "thermal mass" is required to keep it from dropping too far. The thermal mass can be a large quantity of stone (with specific heat 850 J/kg C) in the floor and the interior walls exposed to sunlight. What mass of stone is required if the temperature is not to drop below 18.0C overnight?arrow_forwardHydrothermal vents deep on the ocean floor spout water at temperatures as high as 570C. This temperature is below the boiling point of water because of the immense pressure at that depth. Because the surrounding ocean temperature is at 4.0C, an organism could use the temperature gradient as a source of energy. (a) Assuming the specific heat of water under these conditions is 1.0 cal/g C, how much energy is released when 1.0 L of water is cooled from 570C to 4.0C? (b) What is the maximum usable energy an organism can extract from this energy source? (Assume the organism has some internal type of heat engine acting between the two temperature extremes.) (c) Water from these vents contains hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at a concentration of 0.90 mmole/L. Oxidation of 1.0 mole of H2S produces 310 kJ of energy. How much energy is available through H2S oxidation of 1.0 L of water?arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning