Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The type of carbonyl group in erythrulose should be identified.
Concept introduction:
An aldehyde has an oxygen atom double bonded to carbon and a hydrogen atom bonded to the same carbon.
A ketone has oxygen atom double bonded to the C and there are no H atoms bonded to it.
In both aldehydes and ketones this carbon is known as carbonyl carbon.
R − Other atoms or atomic groups connected to the compound apart from the carbonyl group.
(b)
Interpretation:
The 3 hydroxyl groups should be classified as primary (1
Concept introduction:
Depending on the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atom with hydroxyl group (-OH), they can be classified as primary (1
(c)
Interpretation:
Out of the 2 functional groups in erythrulose, which functional group is reacting with Tollens reagent should be considered.
Concept introduction:
Tollens reagent is amixture of a silver nitrate solution, ammonia and some sodium hydroxide. NaOH is added to maintain the pH in a basic level as the Tollensreaction only happens in a basic medium.
(d)
Interpretation:
Out of the 2 functional groups in erythrulose, which functional group is reacting with K2Cr2O7 should be considered.
Concept introduction:
K2Cr2O7 is an oxidizing agent. It has the ability to oxidize some functional groups of an organic compound.
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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
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