To propose a mechanism for the reaction of acetic anhydride with water and alcohol. Concept introduction: The reaction of acetic anhydride with water is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The nucleophile from the reagent attacks the carbonyl carbon in acetic anhydride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The carboxylate ion leaves the intermediate leading to the collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate to form the corresponding product.

Question

The reaction of a nitrile with an alcohol in the presence of a strong acid forms an N-substituted amide. This reaction, known as the Ritter reaction, doesnot work with primary alcohols. a. Why does the Ritter reaction not work with primary alcohols? b. Provide an explanation for why an amide is less susceptible to nucleophilic attack than its corresponding ester.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15.16, Problem 43P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To propose a mechanism for the reaction of acetic anhydride with water and alcohol.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of acetic anhydride with water is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The nucleophile from the reagent attacks the carbonyl carbon in acetic anhydride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The carboxylate ion leaves the intermediate leading to the collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate to form the corresponding product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To propose a mechanism for the reaction of acetic anhydride with water and alcohol.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of acetic anhydride with water is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The nucleophile from the reagent attacks the carbonyl carbon in acetic anhydride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. The carboxylate ion leaves the intermediate leading to the collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate to form the corresponding product.

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