Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 20RQ
To determine
Describe the three tests that confirm the validity of the
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In the context of relativity, what is an "event"? Give a specific example of an event and provide the coordinates necessary to specify the event.
Which of the following is one of the postulates of Special Relativity?
Time dilates and length contracts as an object approaches relativistic speeds.
.
Events that are simultaneous in one frame may not be simultaneous in another.
.
All laws of physics are of the same form in all inertial frames of reference.
The speed of light in vacuum is constant and dependent on the speed of the source.
Identify the postulates of special theory of relativity that apply in the following situations.
1. The ball appears to move north at a speed of around 2 m/s and then south at a speed of 2m/s.
2. A planet’s orbit is measured relative to the star it is orbiting around.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - How does the speed of light affect the possibility...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3RQCh. 13 - Prob. 4RQCh. 13 - What is the rocket equation used for? Based on the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Discuss a few ways of reaching the stars (other...Ch. 13 - How would time dilation affect space travel at...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - What is the Fermi paradox? What two seemingly...
Ch. 13 - Why does it seem that other civilizations, if they...Ch. 13 - What arc Von Neumann machines? How do they affect...Ch. 13 - Describe the coral model of galactic colonization....Ch. 13 - Briefly discuss possible motives for galactic...Ch. 13 - Summarize the three general categories of possible...Ch. 13 - Briefly discuss the profound implications of the...Ch. 13 - What known problems were solved when Einstein...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18RQCh. 13 - Besides the idea that you cannot reach the speed...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 22TYUCh. 13 - Each of the following describes some futuristic...Ch. 13 - Prob. 24TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 25TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 26TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 27TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 28TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 29TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 30TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 31TYUCh. 13 - The amount of energy that would be needed to...Ch. 13 - The rocket engines of our current spacecraft are...Ch. 13 - Suppose that a spaceship was launched in the year...Ch. 13 - Prob. 35TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 36TYUCh. 13 - Which of the following questions best represents...Ch. 13 - Prob. 38TYUCh. 13 - Which of the following is not relative in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 40TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 41POSCh. 13 - Prob. 42POSCh. 13 - Prob. 44IFCh. 13 - What's Wrong with This Picture? Many science...Ch. 13 - Large Rockets. Suppose we built a rocket that...Ch. 13 - Prob. 47IFCh. 13 - Solution to the Fermi Paradox. Among the various...Ch. 13 - Prob. 50IFCh. 13 - Cruise Ship Energy. Suppose we have a spaceship...Ch. 13 - Prob. 52IFCh. 13 - The Multistage Rocket Equation. The rocket...Ch. 13 - Relativistic Time Dilation. Use the time dilation...Ch. 13 - Testing Relativity. A + meson produced at rest has...Ch. 13 - Prob. 57IFCh. 13 - Prob. 58IFCh. 13 - Prob. 59IFCh. 13 - Prob. 60IFCh. 13 - The Turning Point. Discuss the idea that the...
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- Which of the following is NOT a main idea behind the special theory of relativity? That the laws of physics hold in every frame of reference. That the speed of light is a universal constant that is always the same. That two values of velocity for an object can both be correct. That there is no absolute frame of reference.arrow_forward4.1 State the difference between special relativity and general relativity. 4.2 According to Einstein's two postulates of special relativity: The first postulate states that: All inertial reference frames are equivalent. Explain what is meant by this first postulate. 4.3 4.4 In the theory of special relativity, what is meant by length contraction? 4.5 4.6 The second postulate states that: The speed of light is the same in all inertial reference frames. The two postulates are considered to be intimately related. Explain how. 5.1 Write down the expression used to determine the length of an object as seen by an observer in another reference frame, giving the meanings of the symbols of the quantities included in the expression. A Space Shuttle which is 60 meters in length flies past you at 1.2 x 104 m/s. How much shorter is it in your reference frame? Briefly describe the inadequacies of classical physics and their remedies on the following: 5.1.1 theory 5.1.2 effect 5.1.3 radiation Atomic…arrow_forward4.1 State the difference between special relativity and general relativity. 4.2 According to Einstein's two postulates of special relativity: The first postulate states that: All inertial reference frames are equivalent. Explain what is meant by this first postulate. 4.3 4.4 In the theory of special relativity, what is meant by length contraction? 4.5 4.6 The second postulate states that: The speed of light is the same in all inertial reference frames. The two postulates are considered to be intimately related. Explain how. 5.1 Write down the expression used to determine the length of an object as seen by an observer in another reference frame, giving the meanings of the symbols of the quantities included in the expression. A Space Shuttle which is 60 meters in length flies past you at 1.2 x 104 m/s. How much shorter is it in your reference frame? Briefly describe the inadequacies of classical physics and their remedies on the following: Atomic 5.1.1 theory 5.1.2 effect 5.1.3…arrow_forward
- 6. One of the potentially confusing things about special relativity is that it shows us that the time measured between two events depends upon your inertial frame of reference. In particular, two events that appear to be simultaneous in one inertial frame may be measured to occur at different times in a different inertial frame. Even more interesting is that Event 1 might occur either before or after (or at the same time as) Event 2, depending upon your reference frame! The proper interpretation of these facts is to say that nothing in physics forces two simultaneous events in one frame to be simultaneous in any other frame. However, what about the order of events when Event 1 CAUSES Event 2? For example, let's consider two events from a game of pool: 1) A cue ball, traveling at 10 m/s, hits the eight ball (of mass equal to the cue ball). An elastic collision transfers all the linear momentum of the cue ball to the eight ball. 2) 0.1 seconds later, the eight ball sinks in a corner…arrow_forwardThe special theory of relativity has what effect on measurements done today? (a) None whatsoever, because any correction would be negligible. (b) We need to consider the effects of relativity when objects move close to the speed of light. (c) We should always make a correction for relativity because Newton’s laws are basically wrong. (d) It doesn’t matter, because we can’t make measurements where relativity would matter.arrow_forwardExplain the implications and applications of each postulate of Einstein from the special theory of relativity.arrow_forward
- Which of Einstein’s postulates of special relativity includes a concept that does not fit with the ideas of classical physics?Explain.arrow_forwardExplain in not less than 2 paragraphs the Einstein’s special theory of relativity.arrow_forwardExplain relativity based on real life scenario.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a CORRECT description of a consequence of the General Theory of Relativity? A. Black holes are regions of spacetime where light is emitted in the form of dark energy. B. Gravitational lensing enables us to see the beginning of the universe through redshifts. C. The elliptical path of Mercury is precessing about a certain degree in each century. D. Light is greatly bent by lighter objects than heavier objects due to its small circumference.arrow_forwardDescribe the consequences of Einstein’s special theory of relativity.arrow_forwardExplain the fact the special theory of relativity defines the limits for the validity of Newtonian mechanics.arrow_forward
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