Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12.1, Problem 2CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the description of meiosis (see Figure 10.8) and Mendel’s laws of segregation and independent assortment (see Concept 11.1). What is the physical basis for each of Mendel’s laws?
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Non-Mendelian Inheritance Quiz
Match each of the following examples to the appropriate type of non-Mendelian inheritance.
1. A homozygous recessive genotype for the gene that encodes phenylalanine hydroxylase
(which breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine) causes lighter skin color, a musty
odor, differences in intellectual development, and seizures.
2. In pea plants, alleles of Gene W control flower color, with the dominant allele (W)
leading to purple flower color, and the recessive allele (w) leading to white flower color.
Usually, a genotype of WW or Ww leads to purple flowers. However, when Gene C is
homozygous recessive, WW or Ww plants always have white flowers.
3. In mallard ducks, feather coloring is controlled by Gene F. A dominant allele (F) leads to
green head feathers, while a recessive allele (f) leads to brown head feathers. In male
mallards, inheritance of one or more F alleles always leads to the green head feather
trait. But female mallards always have brown head…
MAKE CONNECTIONS The ABO blood type locus hasbeen mapped on chromosome 9. A father who has typeAB blood and a mother who has type O blood have achild with trisomy 9 and type A blood. Using this information, can you tell in which parent the nondisjunctionoccurred? Explain your answer. (See Figures 14.11and 15.13.)
O Macmillan Learning
Assume that the length of wheat leaves is controlled by three loci, each with two alleles: L and I, W and w, H and h. Determine
the differences in leaf length between two homozygous strains of wheat. Assume each allele contributes equally to the length of
the plant leaves. One homozygous strain, Il ww hh, has leaves that are 100 mm in length, and the other strain, LL WW HH, has
220 mm leaves. The two homozygous strains are crossed, and the resulting F₁ are selfed to produce F₂ progeny.
What length will the leaves of the Ll Ww Hh genotype plant be?
leaf length:
What proportion of the F2 progeny will have the same phenotype as the LI Ww Hh genotype? Input answer as a decimal.
proportion:
mm
Chapter 12 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 12.1 - Which one of Mendels laws relates to the...Ch. 12.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the description of meiosis...Ch. 12.1 - WHAT IF? Propose a possible reason that the first...Ch. 12.2 - A white-eyed female Drosophila is mated with a...Ch. 12.2 - Neither Tim nor Rhoda has Duchenne muscular...Ch. 12.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Consider what you learned about...Ch. 12.3 - When two genes are located on the same chromosome,...Ch. 12.3 - For each type of offspring of the testcross in...Ch. 12.3 - WHAT IF? Genes A, B, and C are located on the same...Ch. 12.4 - About 5% of individuals with Down syndrome have a...
Ch. 12.4 - WHAT IF? The ABO blood type locus has been mapped...Ch. 12.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The gene that is activated on the...Ch. 12.4 - Women born with an extra X chromosome (XXX) are...Ch. 12 - A man with hemophilia (a recessive, sex-linked...Ch. 12 - Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is an...Ch. 12 - A space probe discovers a planet inhabited by...Ch. 12 - Using the information from problem 3, scientists...Ch. 12 - A man with red-green color blindness (a recessive,...Ch. 12 - You design Drosophila crosses to provide...Ch. 12 - A wild-type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body...Ch. 12 - Assume that genes A and B are 50 map units apart...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 12 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT Assume you are mapping...Ch. 12 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Crossing over is thought to be...Ch. 12 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION The continuity of life is...Ch. 12 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Butterflies have an X-Y...
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- REFERENCE CONTACTS Planner 2021 NOTES W/M Extra Practice In the fruit fly Drosophila, a rudimentary wing called vestigial and the dark body color called ebony are inherited at independent loci and are recessive to their dominant wild type counterparts, full wing and gray body color. Dihybrid males and females displaying both wild type phenotypes are crossed, and 3200 progeny are produced. How many progeny flies are expected in each of the phenotypic classes produced?arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Genes A, B, and C are located on the samechromosome. Testcrosses show that the recombinationfrequency between A and B is 28% and that betweenA and C is 12%. Can you determine the linear order ofthese genes? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich is one of the seven characteristics that Mendel observed in pea plants? flower size seed texture leaf shape stem colorarrow_forward
- Mendel performs a cross using a true-breeding pea plant with round, yellow seeds and a true- breeding pea plant with green, wrinkled seeds. What is the probability that offspring will have green, round seeds? Calculate the probability for the F1 and F2 generations.arrow_forward2 Considering the Mendelian traits round versus wrinkled and yellow versus green, consider the crosses below and determine the genotypes of the parental plants by analyzing the phenotypes of their offspring. Parental Plants Offspring (a) round, yellow * round, yellow 3/4 round, yellow 1/4 wrinkled, yellow (b) wrinkled, yellow * round, yellow 6/16 wrinkled, yellow 2/16 wrinkled, green 6/16 round, yellow 2/16 round, green (c) round, yellow * round, yellow 9/16 round, yellow 3/16 round, green 3/16 wrinkled, yellow 1/16 wrinkled, green (d) round, yellow * wrinkled, green 1/4 round, yellow 1/4 round, green 1/4 wrinkled, yellow 1/4 wrinkled, greenarrow_forwardQ1. In Mendel's dihybrid cross of peas, the gene coding stem size has the dominant allele Long (L) and recessive short allele (1). The gene for flower color has the dominant purple (P) over the recessive white (p). The 2 genes for size and flower color are located on different chromosomes. Parent P1 which genotype is LL PP is crossed with parent P2 which genotype is 11 pp. a) What are the phenotypes of P1 and P2? b) What is the genotype and phenotype of the F1 generation? c) What is the genotype of a tester that can be used with an F1 individual? d) what are the expected genotypes and phenotypes of the progeny of the cross F1 x tester? e) what is the frequency of each phenotype in the progeny of the cross F1 x tester?arrow_forward
- Notes Bell Work Assignments Pedigree Chart Key How many females are carriers? |JO - Unaffected How many affected males are there? TO Carrier Complete a Punnett Square for the cross in the F4 generation. 10 Affected The affectedallele is recessive I Could the male in the F5 generation be affected? Could he be a carrier? If 'yes', what chance does he have of being affected? Of being a carrier? (answer is a fraction out of 4) Type here to search W Brarrow_forwardQ10) Suppose you were to obtain a Chi-square value of 7.82 or greater in your data analysis (with 2 degrees of freedom). What would this indicate? - Suppose you were to obtain a Chi-square value of 4.60 or lower in your data analysis (with 2 degrees of freedom). What would this indicate? - A heterozygous white-fruited squash plant is crossed with a yellow-fruited plant, yielding 200 seeds. Of these, 110 produce white-fruited plants while only 90 produce yellow-fruited plants. Are these results statistically significant? Explain using Chi-square analysis. - What if there were 2000 seeds and 1100 produced white-fruited plants & 900 yellow-fruited?arrow_forwardConsider a cross to investigate the pea pod texture trait, involving constricted or inflated pods. Mendel found that the traits behave according to a dominant/ recessive pattern in which inflated pods were dominant. If you performed this cross and obtained 650 inflated-pod plants in the F2 generation, approximately how many constricted-pod plants would you expect to have? 600 165 217 468arrow_forward
- NAME: Patterns of Inheritance Worksheet 1. True Breeding Parental Cross A homozygous dominant purple flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive white flowered plant. a. What are the genotypes of the parent plants? (Use the Punnett square to determine the outcomes of this cross. Remember to place the gametes along the left side and top of the square. (P=Purple, p=white) b. What is the genotype of all F₁ plants? 1 b. c. What is the phenotype of all F₁ plants? C. d. How many plants out of 4 will produce white flowers? d. a. 2. Monohybrid Cross: The F₁ offspring from the above problem are allowed to self fertilize. a. What are the genotypes of the F₁ parents? a. (Use the Punnett square to determine the outcomes of this cross. Remember to place the gametes along the left side and top of the square.) b. What is the genotype ratio for this cross? c. What is the phenotype ratio for this cross? d. How many plants out of 4 will produces white flowers? d. b. C.arrow_forwardBelow you will find a spreadsheet of the "class" data, use this to complete data table 2. Remember, the class is a total of 24 students, to calculate frequency use the genotype with the highest frequency for each characteristic and divide that number by 24. Don't forget to answer the question on the bottom of page 107! Gender Letters XY XX Sex X, Y 11 13 XX Homozygous Heterozygous Homozygous Recessive Genotype highest frequency Characteristic Dominant Aa Eyebrows Eye Shape Hitchhikers А, а R, r 14 10 11 3 Rr Hh Н, h D, d Е, е F,f G, g В, Ь 15 Earlobes 4 8. 12 dd Ee Tongue Roll Widows Peak 7 10 13 Ff Face Shape 9. 12 3 Gg Eye Color 14 Bb MacBook Air esc 4) FI F2 F4 F5 F6 F8 F9 F10 F1I F12 @ # $ &arrow_forwardEXERCISE 5 MENDELIAN TRAITS IN HUMANS 1 While most human traits are polygenic, the traits in the chart below have traditionally been considered Mendelian traits. More recent research has disputed the single-gene nature of some of these traits, but for the purpose of this exercise, assume that the following traits are Mendelian. Work with a partner to help each other determine your own phenotypes and possible genotypes for these traits. Write your answers in the chart. (Note: Refer to the table on p. 62 for information about these traits.) Mendelian Trait Cleft Chin (Dominant) Freckles (Dominant) Attached Earlobes (Recessive) Hitchhiker's Thumb (Recessive) Widow's Peak (Dominant) Your Your Possible Phenotype Genotype(s)arrow_forward
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