Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134396026
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 4RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The each bone in a body act as lever, each joint act as fulcrum and the force is applied by muscles. The classification of lever is according to the relative position of three elements: applied force, fulcrum and load.
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A muscle that helps an agonist by causing a similar movement or by stabilizing a joint over which the agonist acts is (a) an antagonist, (b) a prime mover, (c) a synergist, (d) a fulcrum.
You are trying to jump from a crouched position (knee fully flexed),
1) list all of the muscles at the knee and hip that would move you from this position to in the air.
2) using the principle of active insufficiency please also outline the timing of the muscle force for the knee and the hip (i.e. what muscles provide the most force early in the movement, when the knee and hip are both more flexed, and what muscles provide the most force later in the movement, when the hip and knee are both more extended)
Which of the three lever systems involved in muscle mechanics would be the fastest lever—first-, second-, or third-class?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 11 - Based on patterns of fascicle arrangement, name...Ch. 11 - Why does a pennate muscle generate more tension...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3CPCh. 11 - Define a lever, and describe the three classes of...Ch. 11 - The joint between the occipital bone of the skull...Ch. 11 - Prob. 6CPCh. 11 - Muscle A abducts the humerus, and muscle B adducts...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8CPCh. 11 - Prob. 9CPCh. 11 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 11 - Describe the location and general functions of...Ch. 11 - Describe the location and general functions of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 13CPCh. 11 - Prob. 14CPCh. 11 - Prob. 15CPCh. 11 - Damage to the external intercostal muscles would...Ch. 11 - If someone hit you in your rectus abdominis, how...Ch. 11 - Prob. 18CPCh. 11 - Prob. 19CPCh. 11 - Prob. 20CPCh. 11 - Prob. 21CPCh. 11 - Prob. 22CPCh. 11 - Prob. 23CPCh. 11 - How would a torn calcaneal tendon affect movement...Ch. 11 - What major function does the muscular system...Ch. 11 - Identify the physiological effects of exercise on...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1RQCh. 11 - Prob. 2RQCh. 11 - Prob. 3RQCh. 11 - Prob. 4RQCh. 11 - Prob. 5RQCh. 11 - Prob. 6RQCh. 11 - The strongest masticatory muscle is the (a)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Prob. 9RQCh. 11 - The major extensor of the elbow is the (a) triceps...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11RQCh. 11 - Prob. 12RQCh. 11 - Prob. 13RQCh. 11 - Prob. 14RQCh. 11 - What is an aponeurosis? Give two examples.Ch. 11 - Prob. 16RQCh. 11 - Prob. 17RQCh. 11 - On which bones do the four rotator cuff muscles...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19RQCh. 11 - Prob. 20RQCh. 11 - Compartment syndrome can result from all of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 22RQCh. 11 - Prob. 23RQCh. 11 - Prob. 24RQCh. 11 - Prob. 25RQCh. 11 - Prob. 26RQCh. 11 - Prob. 27RQCh. 11 - Prob. 28RQCh. 11 - Prob. 29RQCh. 11 - Prob. 30RQCh. 11 - Prob. 31RQCh. 11 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11 - Prob. 2CC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In a general sense, how do skeletal muscles produce movement?arrow_forwardName the three types of lever systems and indicate the arrangement of effort, fulcrum, and load in each. Also note the advantages of each type of lever system.arrow_forwardIf your biceps brachii muscle attaches to your forearm 2 inches below your elbow, the distance from the elbow to the palm of your hand is 18 inches, and you lift a 20 pound weight, how much pull must your muscle exert to achieve elbow flexion? If your biceps brachii muscle attaches to your forearm 2 inches below your elbow, the distance from the elbow to the palm of your hand is 18 inches, and you lift a 20 pound weight, how much pull must your muscle exert to achieve elbow flexion? hhharrow_forward
- (a) Describe the roles of ATP in the sliding filament mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction. (b) Describe the basic sequence of events that occurs as an action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction and is transmitted to the muscle cell for contraction.arrow_forwardDistinguish between (a) direct and indirect muscle attachments and (b) a tendon and an aponeurosis.arrow_forwardDefine a lever.arrow_forward
- Differentiate between the arrangement of elements (load, fulcrum, and effort) in first-, second-, and third-class levers.arrow_forwardExplain the role of agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator muscles. Give two examples of each.arrow_forwardHow can the body regulate how much force the muscle should generate?arrow_forward
- What benefit is provided by a lever that operates at a mechanical advantage?arrow_forwardDistinguish between a synergist, antagonist, and fixator. Explain how each of these may affect the action of a prime mover.arrow_forwardIn my study guide, I have been going through notes and I am unsure of the topic on muscle arrangements. The main concept from the chapter on the study guide states "Describe the way that muscles are arranged in groups with complementary actions at a joint." So, how are the muscles are arranged by groups?arrow_forward
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