Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.59P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Octane rating should be identified with two references of hydrocarbons.
Concept Introduction:
Octane rating is the term to decide the efficiency of the burning of the fuel in the engine without producing knocking.
Heptane is not the fuel for choice as it burns but may cause even explosion. It also results in knocking of the engine and thus having 0 octane rating.
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What is the structural formula for the molecule CH₂?
a. Candle wax contains an alkane with 28 carbon atoms per molecule. What is the molecular formula of this alkane?A. C28H54B. C28H56C. C28H58D. C28H60
b. Which of the following might be the respective relative molecular masses of four consecutive members of a homologous series?(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)A. 32, 46, 60, 74B. 26, 38, 50, 62C. 28, 38, 48, 58D. 44, 57, 70, 83
4.
Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). Place your answer in
the blank space given.
a. A hydrocarbon contains only atoms of carbon and hydrogen.
b. Alkanes have the general formula C₂H₂-
c. In a condensed structural diagram, the symbol "H" is used to
show the position of a hydrogen atom.
d. A continuous-chain alkane has one or more carbon branches
attached to the parent chain.
e. In a Lewis dot diagram of a hydrocarbon, each carbon-carbon
and carbon-hydrogen bond is represented by a line segment.
f. Any branch within branched alkanes is called an alkyl group.
1
Chapter 11 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 11.1PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.2PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.3PCh. 11.4 - Problem 11-4 Write the molecular formula and IUPAC...Ch. 11.6 - Problem 11-5 Write the molecular formula and IUPAC...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 11.6PCh. 11.8 - Prob. 11.7PCh. 11.9 - Prob. 11.8PCh. 11.10 - Prob. 11.9PCh. 11 - Answer true or false. A hydrocarbon is composed...
Ch. 11 - 11-11 Define: Hydrocarbon Alkane Saturated...Ch. 11 - 11-12 Why is it not accurate to describe an...Ch. 11 - 11-13 What is meant by the term line-angle formula...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.14PCh. 11 - Write the molecular formula for each alkane.Ch. 11 - Answer true or false. Constitutional isomers have...Ch. 11 - Which statements are true about constitutional...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.18PCh. 11 - Each member of the following set of compounds is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.20PCh. 11 - 11-21 In the six following sets, which pairs of...Ch. 11 - Draw line-angle formulas for the nine...Ch. 11 - Answer true or false. The parent name of an alkane...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.24PCh. 11 - Among the ingredients listed in one commercial...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.26PCh. 11 - Answer true or false. Cycloalkanes are saturated...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.28PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.29PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.30PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.31PCh. 11 - 11-32 Calculate the actual C-C-C bond angles in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.33PCh. 11 - 11-34 What structural feature of cycloalkanes...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.35PCh. 11 - 11-36 Name and draw structural formulas for the...Ch. 11 - Name and draw structural formulas for the six...Ch. 11 - 11-38 Why is equatorial methylcyclohexane more...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.39PCh. 11 - Consider a cyclohexane ring substituted with one...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.41PCh. 11 - In Problem 11-22, you drew structural formulas for...Ch. 11 - Which unbranched alkane (Table 11-4) has about the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.44PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.45PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.46PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.47PCh. 11 - 11-48 How are the boiling points of hydrocarbons...Ch. 11 - Answer true or false. Combustion of alkanes is an...Ch. 11 - 11-50 Write balanced equations for the combustion...Ch. 11 - The heat of combustion of methane, a component of...Ch. 11 - 11-52 Draw structural formulas for these...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.53PCh. 11 - 11-54 Complete and balance the equation for the...Ch. 11 - Name and draw structural formulas for all pos...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.56PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.57PCh. 11 - 11-58 (Chemical Connections 11A) How many rings in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.59PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.60PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.61PCh. 11 - 11-62(Chemical Connections 11C) What are Freons?...Ch. 11 - 11-63 (Chemical Connections 11C) In what way do...Ch. 11 - (Chemical Connections 11C) What are HFCs and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.65PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.66PCh. 11 - Which of the following compounds can exist as...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.68PCh. 11 - Dodecane, C12H26, is an unbranched alkane Predict...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.70PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.71PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.72PCh. 11 - As stated in Section 11-9, the wax found in apple...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.74P
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- Complete and balance the following combustion reactions. Assume that each hydrocarbon is converted completely to carbon dioxide and water. (a) Propane + O2 (b) Octane + O2 (c) Cyclohexane + O2 (d) 2-Methylpentane + O2arrow_forward4.2 What is an alkane?arrow_forwardWhat is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon? Distinguish between normal and branched hydrocarbons. What is an alkane? What is a cyclic alkane? What are the two general formulas for alkanes? What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkanes? What are the bond angles in alkanes? Why are cyclopropane and cyclobutane so reactive? The normal (unbranched) hydrocarbons are often referred to as straight-chain hydrocarbons. What does this name refer to? Does it mean that the carbon atoms in a straight-chain hydrocarbon really have a linear arrangement? Explain. In the shorthand notation for cyclic alkanes, the hydrogens are usually omitted. How do you determine the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon in a ring structure?arrow_forward
- What is meant by the term “unsaturated hydrocarbon”? What structural feature characterizes unsaturated hydrocarbons?arrow_forwardAlcohols are very useful starting materials for the production of many different compounds. The following conversions, starting with 1-butanol, can be carried out in two or more steps. Show the steps (reactants/catalysts) you would follow to carry out the conversions, drawing the formula for the organic product in each step. For each step, a major product must be produced. (See Exercise 62.) (Hint: In the presence of H+, an alcohol is converted into an alkene and water. This is the exact reverse of the reaction of adding water to an alkene to form an alcohol.) a. 1-butanol butane b. 1-butanol 2-butanonearrow_forwardUnder certain conditions water reacts with alkenes to form alcohols.Calculate the mass of ethanol (molar mass = 46.0 g/mol) produced when starting with 596.4 g of ethene (molar mass = 28.0 g/mol), assuming that the reaction goes to completion.Give your answer to three significant figures.C2H4 + H2O → CH3CH2OHarrow_forward
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Chapter 4 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Lesson 2; Author: Linda Hanson;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AL_CM_Btef4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Chapter 4 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Lesson 1; Author: Linda Hanson;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPIa6EHJMJw;License: Standard Youtube License