Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.32AP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The three of the five ways in which a nuclear reaction differs from a chemical reaction has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Nuclear reaction:
The nuclear reactions are the change in an atom’s nucleus that usually producing the different element.
Chemical reaction:
The
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Define the term "spontaneous" with respect to chemical
reactions.
Label the following statements true or false:
(a) A reaction is said to be spontaneous when it can proceed in either the forward or reverse direction.
(b) A spontaneous process always happens very quickly.
Using collision theory, indicate which of the following statements regarding physical nature of the reactants is true:
a) physical nature of reactants
The physical nature of reactants does not influence the rate of reaction because reactions happen only on the molecular level.
Solids, liquids or gases all influence the rate of reaction the same because they are all in the physical state.
Solid state reactants react faster if the particle sizes are larger because reactions occur at the boundary surface with direct contact.
Gaseous-state reactions are faster than liquid-state or solid-state reactions because collisions between reactants are more frequent.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 11.1PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.2PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.3PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.4PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.5PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.6PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.7KCPCh. 11.5 - What are the three main classes of techniques used...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 11.2CIAPCh. 11.5 - The half-life of carbon-14, an isotope used in...
Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 11.9PCh. 11.5 - Prob. 11.10PCh. 11.5 - Prob. 11.11KCPCh. 11.6 - A -emitting radiation source gives 250 units of...Ch. 11.7 - What is the purpose of food irradiation, and how...Ch. 11.7 - What kind of radiation is used to treat food?Ch. 11.7 - A typical food irradiation application for the...Ch. 11.7 - A solution of selenium-75, a radioisotope used in...Ch. 11.7 - A typical chest X ray exposes a patient to an...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 11.6CIAPCh. 11.8 - What advantages does MRI have over CT and PET...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 11.8CIAPCh. 11.8 - Prob. 11.15PCh. 11.8 - The element berkelium, first prepared at the...Ch. 11.8 - Write a balanced nuclear equation for the reaction...Ch. 11.9 - What other isotope besides tellurium-137 is...Ch. 11.9 - Prob. 11.19PCh. 11.9 - One of the possible reactions for nuclear fusion...Ch. 11 - Magnesium-28 decays by emission to give...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.22UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.23UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.24UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.25UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.26UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.27UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.28UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.29UKCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.30APCh. 11 - Describe how radiation, radiation, radiation,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.32APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.33APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.34APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.35APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.36APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.37APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.38APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.39APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.40APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.41APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.42APCh. 11 - What characteristic of uranium-235 fission causes...Ch. 11 - What products result from radioactive decay of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.45APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.46APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.47APCh. 11 - Balance the following equations for the nuclear...Ch. 11 - Complete the following nuclear equations and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.50APCh. 11 - Cobalt-60 (half-life = 5.3 years) is used to...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.52APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.53APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.54APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.55APCh. 11 - Selenium-75, a emitter with a half-life of 120...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.57APCh. 11 - The half-life of mercury-197 is 64.1 hours. If a...Ch. 11 - Gold-198, a emitter used to treat leukemia, has a...Ch. 11 - Describe how a Geiger counter works.Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.61APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.62APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.63APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.64APCh. 11 - Match each unit in the left column with the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.66APCh. 11 - Sodium-24 is used to study the circulatory system...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.68APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.69APCh. 11 - Prob. 11.70CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.71CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.72CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.73CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.74CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.75CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.76CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.77CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.78CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.79CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.80CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.81CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.82CPCh. 11 - Although turning lead into gold in a nuclear...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.84CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.85CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.86CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.87CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.88CPCh. 11 - One way to demonstrate the dose factor of ionizing...Ch. 11 - One approach for treating cancerous tumors is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.91GP
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- An enzyme accelerates chemical reactions by all of the following, EXCEPT: a) Bringing reactants close together b) Shifting equilibrium to favor the products c) Adding temporary charges to substrates d) Orienting chemical bonds for best reactivity e) Straining chemical bonds that will be brokenarrow_forwardWhich statement is true regarding the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction? a) A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction. b) A catalyst provides an alternate mechanism for the reaction. c) A catalyst is not consumed by the reaction. d) All of the above are true.arrow_forwardExplain why some elements are diatomic.arrow_forward
- Atomic absorption spectroscopy is usually more sensitive than atomic emission spectroscopy because the population of the low-energy states isA) highB) lowC) zeroD) same as for high-energy statesarrow_forwardWhat does it mean to make something precipitate in terms of a chemical reaction?arrow_forwardDefine reversible reaction.arrow_forward
- Label the following statements true or false: (c) A nonspontaneous reaction will proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction. (d) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy.arrow_forwardThere are 4 classes of biomolecules:arrow_forwardAn exergonic reaction has which of the following properties? A) The △G is negative and the reaction is spontaneous. B) The △G is negative and the reaction is non-spontaneous. C) The △G is positive and the reaction is spontaneous.arrow_forward
- The concept of determining which reactant is limiting and which is in excess is akin to determining the number of sandwiches that can be made from a set number of ingredients. Assuming that a cheese sandwich consists of 2 slices of bread and 3 slices of cheese, determine the number of whole cheese sandwiches that can be prepared from 36 slices of bread and 51 slices of cheese.arrow_forwardIn a laboratory experiment, a researcher reports the use of an isotope 6C14 to trace the synthesis of a Fatty Acid. From the symbol that is given, we know this is an isotope of Carbon, 6C12. The 6C14 can be substituted for 6C12 in chemical reactions in a cell because it has: (It's not Radioactive Properties) a) radioactive properties, b) 14 protons, c) ionic properties, d) 8 neutrons e) 6 electrons.arrow_forwardIf a reaction is spontaneous, does that mean it will be fast?arrow_forward
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