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- 1. What is the most common source of E. coli? (i.e. where does it occur naturally) 2. Why do children seem to be the most ill? (Give at least 2 reasons) 3. What is the morphology, morphological arrangement and Gram reaction of E. coli? 4. How does the E. coli strain 026:H11 damage its victims?17. What is sputum and why is it important for microbiological testing? 18. What is the reason for testing staphylococci with a coagulase test? 19. What is the importance of group B Streptococcus agalactiae? 20. Starting with the MacConkey agar and IMVIC tests. Describe how a bacterium can be biochemically identified as Escherichia coli.1. A 50-year old man is brought to the emergency department. For the last several days he has had fatigue, fever and productive cough with rust-coloured sputum and pleuritic chest pain. A chest radiograph shows consolidation in the right lower lobe. A Gram stain sputum shows a predominance of gram-positive cocci in pairs and chains. (1) What is the most likely diagnosis? (ii) Explain the typical symptoms associated with pneumococcal pneumonia. (iii) Describe the main clinical findings of the respiratory examination.
- 1. What scientific terms describe the cellular morphology and arrangement ofStaphylococcus epidermidis? 2. What scientific term describes the cellular morphology of Bacillus subtilis? 3. What scientific term describes the cellular morphology of Escherichia coli if they appearas rod-shaped cells? 4. What is the purpose of heat fixing the smear prior to direct staining? 5. What would happen if you heat fixed a smear before it air-dried? What would youexpect to see when viewing the slide using the microscope? 6. What would happen if you didn’t heat-fix a smear before performing the direct stain? What would you expect to see when viewing the slide using the microscope?1. What is the organism reservior for Streptococcus agalactiae? 2. What is the clinical significance of Streptococcus agalactiae?19. What is the importance of group B Streptococcus agalactiae? 20. Starting with the MacConkey agar and IMVIC tests. Describe how a bacterium can be biochemically identified as Escherichia coli.
- 1. Why is Plasmodium species isolated usually in blood? 2. What are the characteristics of a good quality malarial smear?1. What is the oxygen requirement of sporothrix schenckii? 2. What is the gram reaction of sporothrix schenckii 3. No. Of days being symptomatic of sporotrichosis.1. The selective ingredient in mannitol salt agar is ______________, which selects for the growth of Staphylococcus organisms.
- 4. Which media can be used to isolate E. coli samples from contaminated lettuce? 5. Which two media would be used to identify a sample taken from a patient with suspected gonorrhea? 6. Would you be able to grow a sample obtained from a patient's wound (suspected to be infected with MRSA) on EMB? Explain. 7. What is the color or TSI for Salmonella? 8. What is a fastidious organism?1. List some of the chemical substances that have been identified in bacterial capsules. 2. What relationship is there between capsules and bacterial virulence? Klebsiella pneumoniae (capsular stain)2.1. Morphology and cultivation of meningococci 2.2. Morphology and cultivation of gonococci 2.3. Specific and nonspecific prevention of meningococcal and gonococcal infection