While a stem cell transplant from an unaffected donor is currently the only cure for DBA, genome-editing technologies may one day enable the correction of a mutation in a patient’s own bone marrow stem cells. However, what specific information would be needed, beyond a symptom-based diagnosis of DBA, in order to accomplish this?
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While a stem cell transplant from an unaffected donor is currently the only cure for DBA, genome-editing technologies may one day enable the correction of a mutation in a patient’s own bone marrow stem cells. However, what specific information would be needed, beyond a symptom-based diagnosis of DBA, in order to accomplish this?
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- An individual carries a disease-causing point mutation. Briefly describe four methods that can be used to identify this mutation.A couple with a child affected with DBA undergoes in vitro fertilization (IVF) and genetic testing of the resulting embryos to ensure that the embryos will not have DBA. However, they also want the embryos screened to ensure that the one implanted can serve as a suitable donor for their existing child. Their plan is to have stem cells from the umbilical cord of the new baby transplanted to their existing child with DBA, thereby curing the condition. What are the ethical pros and cons of this situation?Although it is well known that X-rays cause mutations, they are routinely used to diagnose medical problems, including potential tumors, broken bones, and dental cavities. Why is this done? What precautions need to be taken?
- I understand that microarrays are being used to define the molecular abnormality and the prognosis in some patients with leukaemia. What are microarrays?Which of the examples of genetic testing below are prognostic tests? Which are diagnostic? (a) Individual sequencing (personal genomics) identifies a mutation associated with Alzheimer’s disease. (b) ASO testing determines that an individual is a carrier for the mutant b@globin allele (bS) found in sickle-cell anemia. (c) DNA sequencing of a breast tumor reveals mutations in the BRCA1 gene. (d) Genetic testing in a healthy teenager identifies an SNP correlated with autism. (e) An adult diagnosed with Asperger syndrome (AS) has a genetic test that reveals a SNP in the GABRB3 gene that is significantly more common in people with AS than the general population.A neutral mutation is, by definition, a mutation that does not result in the change of the encoded amino acid sequence of a gene. 1)True 2)False
- Bacteria are often the preferred hosts for genetic engineering projects by splicing in novel genes from eukaryotes into plasmids, which are moved into competent bacteria. For instance, the gene for human insulin was isolated and moved into a bacterium, which can now produce the much-needed chemical. Previously, type 1 diabetics had to rely on professionals that gathered insulin from human cadavers, cows, and pigs. In order for this feat of genetic engineering to occur, researchers had to start with an unspliced mRNA transcript for h insulin. Agree/Disagree? Explain your response.Gene mutations can be classified in two major ways:(1) hereditary or germline mutations that are inherited from a parent and are present throughout a person’s life in virtually every cell in the body.(2) acquired or somatic mutations that occur at some time during a person’s life and are present only in certain cells, not in every cell in the body.If there is no family history of a particular disease but a child has the disease then it may have arisen due to a(n) ________ mutation early during development. A) acquired B) inherited C) silent D) transitionWhich of the following conditions is most likely to be successfully treated by gene therapy using a viral vector to deliver a wild-type copy of one gene that is present in mutant form in a person with the condition? Assume that the viral vector used has the ability to home to relevant target tissues. Also assume that the patient can be treated at a young enough age to avoid irreversible phenotypic impacts of the mutation described. Timothy Syndrome, a multi-system disorder characterized by dysmorphic features and autistic behavioral traits, caused by overexpression of calcium channel gene Cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a neurological disorder caused by a frameshift mutation knocking out the function of the ABCD1 gene encoding a lipid transporter Osteogenesis imperfecta caused by a dominant negative mutation in the collagen A1 gene Myopia (shortsightedness), a vision impairment with heritability estimates in the range of 0.6-0.8, where risk is impacted by at least 200 genes
- Discuss briefly the effects of colchicine treatment on cells. What are the genetic implications of such effects?How does bisulfite treatment coupled with PCR enable the identification of DNA methylation? And, How could a Southern blot be used to determine if a given DNA sequence contains methylated CpGs in paper "Amyloid-β Alters the DNA Methylation Status of Cell-fate Genes in an Alzheimer's Disease Model." Taher, N., McKenzie, C., Garrett, R., Baker, M., Fox, N., & Isaacs, G. D. (2014). Amyloid-β alters the DNA methylation status of cell-fate genes in an Alzheimer’s disease model. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 38(4), 831–844. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-131061Using the information provided below, which of the individuals A and B have: i) Genotypic change ii) Phenotypic change iii) Genotypic and phenotypic change X is the partial CDNA sequence of the normal CFTR gene. Use this to determine which DNA sequence (A &B) is the DNA extracted from a patient with and without disease. X) ATGGCGGTCACTCGGCAATTTCCCTGGGCTGTACAAACATGGTATGACTCTCTTGGAGCAATAAACA Met. A V IR Q F P WA V Q T W Y D S L GAI .. A) ATGGCGGTCACTCGGCAATTTCCCTGGGCTGTACAAACAGGTATGACTCTCTTGGAGCAATAAACAA Met. B) ATGGCGGTCACTCGGCAATTTCCCTGGGCTGTACAAACTTGGTATGACTCTCTTGGAGCAATAAACA Met. Since this is a complementary DNA (CDNA) The nucleotide "T" can be directly replaced with U to get the mRNA strand. Example: ATG is AUG, TCA is UCA etc Second letter G UAU UCU c Phe UCc UGU UUC U UUA UAC JTyr UGCCYS Ser UCA UCG UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp UUG Leu G. CUU CCU CCC Pro CAU CAC Hi. CAA CAGJ CGU CGC CUC CUA Leu CCA Arg CGA Gin CUG CCG CGG AUU ACU ACC ACA AUG Met ACG LAsn AGUser AAC AUC…