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- 0he rate of a reaction increases as wbich of the following Decreases! A Temperature BTemperatre and concentrationof reactant lconcentration of reactant Dparticle size15. Coupling Redox reactions The top reaction was left out of the table. It is: 1202 + 2H+ → H₂O E'o 0.816 V Determine if the reaction given will proceed in the direction written under standard conditions. Circle YES if it does. Circle NO if it doesn't. E'o acceptor - E'o donor = AE'o AG=nFAE'o F = Faraday's constant: 96.48 kJ/mol n = # electrons transferred Pyruvate + NADH + H+ lactate + NAD+ YES NO E. Pyruvate + B-hydroxybutyrate → lactate + acetoacetate YES NO Standard Reduction Potentials of Some Biologically Important Half-Reactions E" (V) 0.816 0.771 NO₂+H₂O 0.421 0.365 0.36 0.35 0.295 0.29 0.254 0.22 0.077 0.045 0.031 0.000 -0.015 -0.166 -0.185 -0.197 -0.219 -0.243 -0.29 -0.320 -0.324 -0.346 -0.38 -0.414 -0.432 TABLE 13-7 Half-reaction Fe +e-Fe" NO, +2H+2e Cytochrome f(Fe) + → cytochrome f(Fe**) Fe(CN) (ferricyanide) + e Cytochrome a, (Fe) +→ cytochrome a, (Fe²*) O₂ + 2H+2e-H₂O, Cytochrome a (Fe) +e- cytochrome a (Fe²) Cytochrome c (Fe) + e cytochrome c (Fe**) Cytochrome c,…АТР, СОASH ADP, P ОН О COA "OOC the task is to DRAW a reasonable mechanism for reaction listed. Not all products or cofactors may be shown, add them as necessary. Disregard stereochemistry
- 1. X capable to form Z in a chemical reaction must first overcome a barrier known as Y. Give the term most accurately describing Y as shown in Figure 1.* AG Reaction Coordinate Figure 1 O A. Endergonic reaction O B. Activation energy C. Transition state D. Allosteric site12 Avdil DiC diLei OcL 27 dl 1.Jopm nents Enzyme Reaction Rates ts prary racker 10 20 30 40 50 2 4 6. 8. 10 Temperature (°C) pH Based on these data, this enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH? Remind O Temperature of 27°C and a pH of 4 O Temperature of 40°C and a pH of 8 Four O Temperature of 50°C and a pH of 10 Calculator O Temperature of 37°C and a pH of 6In an enzymatic reaction: a. the enzyme leaves the reaction chemically unchanged. b. if the enzyme molecules approach maximal rate, and the substrate is continually increased, the rate of the reaction does not reach saturation. c. in the stomach, enzymes would have an optimal activity at a neutral pH. d. increasing temperature above the optimal value slows the reaction rate. e. the least important level of organization for an enzyme is its tertiary structure.
- Which of the following statements about the allosteric site is true? a. The allosteric site is a second active site on a substrate in a metabolic pathway. b. The allosteric site on an enzyme can allow the product of a metabolic pathway to inhibit that enzyme and stop the pathway. c. When the allosteric site of an enzyme is occupied, the reaction is irreversible and the enzyme cannot react again. d. An allosteric activator prevents binding at the active site. e. An enzyme that possesses allosteric sites does not possess an active site.Which of the following is the best way to judge the relative activation energies between two given chemical reactions? Compare the ?G values between the two reactions Compare their reaction rates Compare their ideal environmental conditions Compare the spontaneity between the two reactions.A cation has a(n) ________ charge. neutral positive alternating negative
- Which of the following statements about inhibition is true? a. Allosteric inhibitors and allosteric activators are competitive for a given enzyme. b. If an inhibitor binds the active site, it is considered noncompetitive. c. If an inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, this competitive inhibition. d. A noncompetitive inhibitor is believed to change the shape of the enzyme, making its active site inoperable. e. Competitive inhibition is usually not reversible.3. Consider the reaction: H3C-(CH₂) H H C—C—C—SCOA HH H₂C-(CH₂) a. What kind of reaction is being performed here? b. What enzyme performs this reaction? -C—C—C—SCOA H H c. What cofactors, if any, are required for this reaction?5. Consider the reaction: | OH H H₂C-(CH₂) C C—C—SCOA HH H₂C-(CH₂) a. What kind of reaction is being performed here? b. What enzyme performs this reaction? OHO C—C—C—SCOA c. What cofactors, if any, are required for this reaction? H