Which of the following can affect the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin? A) The pH of plasma B) The levels of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate C) Albumin levels in plasma D) a and b E) a and c OF) a, b and c
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- The sigmoidal, cooperative binding curve commonly observed for hemoglobin is a result of: a) competition between CO2 and O2 for heme binding. B) competition between heme and distal His for O2 binding c) competition between BPG and CO2 for binding at the central cavity site d) T to R transition Hemoglobin has a tendency to release its oxygen to the tissues because: a) in this region pH is high and O2 concentrations are low b) in this region both pH and O2 concentrations are low c) in this region both pH and O2 concentrations are high d) there is much BPG in this region Which statement about fetal hemoglobin is not true? A) fetal hemoglobin has gamma chains instead of beta chains b) fetal hemoglobin binds BPG less strongly than maternal hemoglobin c) fetal hemoglobin binds oxygen less strongly than maternal hemoglobin d) fetal hemoglobin binds oxygen more strongly than maternal hemoglobin Which process is most responsible for the sickling of cells seen in sickle…10) The heme group in myoglobin has a lower affinity for carbon monoxide as compared to free heme. What statement below best explains this observation? a) Myoglobin lowers the pH around the heme group. b) Myoglobin has negatively charged groups around the heme group. c) Heme is buried in the core of myoglobin making the heme inaccessible. d) Steric hindrance around the heme group caused by R groups in myoglobin. e) The iron ion of free heme is replaced with a copper ion in myoglobin.Most of the oxygen transported in blood is A) Attached to the plasma membrane of red blood cells B) Bound to the globin portion of hemoglobin C) Bound to the heme portion of hemoglobin D) Dissolved in the cytoplasm of red blood cells
- In sickle cell anemia, hemoglobin forms long fibers as a result of a) Burying of non-polar amino acids b) Burying polar amino acids c) Exposing polar amino acids d) Electrostatic interaction between glutamate and non polar amino acidsOxygen has an allosteric interaction with hemoglobin. What are the results of this interaction as oxygen a) binds to and b) is released from hemoglobin?Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes more O2 offloading in tissues b) As pH increases, [CO2] increases in tissues, causing more O2 release in tissue c) The R state is stabilized by CO2 binding, whereas the T state is stabilized by O2 binding d) About 38% of oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin in tissues e) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon monoxide My guess is D. What following statement is TRUE concerning motifs and domains? a) Both motifs and domains are independently stable. b) Domains undergo dynamic individual changes that affect the entire protein c) B-a-ß loops, B barrels, and helix-turn-helix structure are types of domains d) Motifs and domains are part of secondary structural elements e) Ab initio computations predict motif folds accurately a majority of the time My guess is B. Which of the following is TRUE under the following conditions: an enzyme displaying Michaelis-Menten kinetics…
- Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes more O2 offloading in tissues b) As pH increases, [CO2] increases in tissues, causing more O2 release in tissue c) The R state is stabilized by CO2 binding, whereas the T state is stabilized by O2 binding d) About 38% of oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin in tissues e) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon monoxide My guess is D.The differences between hemoglobin and myoglobin include a) hemoglobin exhibits a lower degree of O2 saturation at all physiologically relevant partial pressures of O2 than does myoglobin. b) all of the answers arecorrect. c) hemoglobin is a tetramer whereas myoglobin is a monomer. O d) hemoglobin exhibits O2 binding cooperativity while myoglobin does not.Which of the following statements are TRUE: Very low oxygen levels will cause: a) Myoglobin instead of hemeglobin will be used to transfer oxygen to cells b) You might experience feelings similar to sickle-cell anemia c) You might have a higher total concentration of hemeglobin to help transport enough oxygen. d) Oxygen will be more concentrated in the air, resulting in higher saturation of hemeglobin
- The ability of hemoglobin to deliver oxygen is enhanced because: A) The partial pressure of oxygen is lower in most tissues than it is in the lungs OB) The metabolic activity in most tissues lowers the pH of the blood C) The metabolic activity of tissues increases carbon dioxide levels D) All of the above E) b and c onlywhich of the following influences the bonding of oxygen to to hemoglobin? a) pH b) oxygen concentration c) temperature d) all of the aboveWhich of the following protein(s) exhibit positive cooperativity in oxygen binding? a) Myoglobin b) Myoglobin and Hemoglobin c) Hemoglobin d) None of these options are correct